Circle of Fifths Explained: Ultimate Guide For 2025

Great songwriting requires an understanding of music theory to create incredible-sounding melodies and chord progressions.

The circle of fifths helps musicians compose songs by visualizing the relationships between the twelve major and minor keys.

This circle of fifths guide explores how to read and apply the information to compose music you’re proud of.

 

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What Is The Circle Of Fifths?

The circle of fifths presents a visual representation of all the major and minor keys musicians use when creating music.

Its origins began in seventeenth-century Russia, where Nikolay Diletsky is credited with its creation.

Each letter displayed on the circle of fifths represents a chord or note that musicians can reference.

The interactive circle encompasses the major keys surrounding the outer circle, moving clockwise through the circle.

Within the outer circle is an inner circle that represents the relative minor keys used for music composition.

The purpose of the circle of fifths is to visualize the relationship between notes and chords when creating compositions.

It also presents information about key signatures, which are denoted by sharps or flats and indicate whether a scale is major or minor.

These key signatures surround the outer circle, denoting the major or minor scale being played.

Based on the selected key, composers can move between chords within the root key for harmonious-sounding results.

The tool can also be used for transposing chords, which musicians use to retune specific instruments for performances.

The circle of fifths plays a pivotal role in composition today, inspiring a humorous Tolkien-influenced variation.

 

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Why Is The Circle Of Fifths Important?

One of the most vital tools for musicians, the circle of fifths helps with songwriting and composition in several ways.

Whether you’re writing a song or arranging instruments, it streamlines the process and opens up creative possibilities.

Here are some reasons why you should learn and apply the circle of fifths for songwriting:

  • Mastering intervals: Intervals are foundational to composition, and the circle of fifths helps songwriters visualize the 5th interval and its inverse to play major and minor chords.
  • Understanding chord structures and progressions: The 5th interval is also essential for chord structure, signifying the second overtone in the harmonic series and present in every chord.
  • Developing harmonics: Composing harmonies is also enhanced by the circle of fifths, allowing for modulation between closely related keys.
  • Understanding relative minor keys: All major keys have relative minor keys in the same key signature, which is fundamental to learning composition.

As you master the principles of the circle of fifths, your ability to create unique and skillful compositions will improve.

 

Who Should Use The Circle of Fifths?

The scope of application offered by the circle of fifths makes it a valuable resource for all musicians and composers.

Whether you’re playing traditional instruments or producing music with MIDI, the core principles remain the same.

This impressive flexibility extends to all experience levels, serving as a valuable resource for both beginners and experienced professionals.

Newcomers can gain a clearer understanding of sharps and flats in key signatures, making it easier to memorize these relationships.

This makes learning basic chord progressions more intuitive and remembering scales that are handy for melodic composition.

For experienced songwriters, the circle of fifths streamlines shifts in key for band members and can inspire more complex arrangements.

If you’re a jazz musician, you can use the circle of fifths alternative, known as the Coltrane circle after its creator, John Coltrane.

 

How To Use The Circle Of Fifths To Write Songs In 2025

Whether composing within a popular music genre or aiming for a niche audience, the circle of fifths will improve your songwriting.

Let’s break down how you can use the circle of fifths to write songs with lush chord progressions and stirring harmonies.

 

Step 1: Invest In A MIDI Keyboard

Many people who use music production software for compositions on laptops input notes and chords via the software’s piano roll.

While the piano roll is a valuable feature, using it to learn about the circle of fifths presents several limitations.

The piano roll’s vertical depiction creates confusion when understanding the relationship between notes and how they’re performed.

Likewise, using a mouse or trackpad to input notes is no substitute for playing them on a dedicated keyboard.

If you don’t have a MIDI keyboard, you can purchase an entry-level model for a reasonable price, or invest in one with more keys.

It’s an essential tool for learning and mastering the circle of fifths, and vital for streamlining your compositions.

 

Step 2: Understand Basic Music Theory

Before you dive into the circle of fifths, you should take a little time to learn the basics of music theory.

This begins with understanding the twelve musical keys and their related octaves that form the core of all musical compositions.

Major and minor keys create different musical qualities and impact the scales and chord patterns used in compositions.

The circle of fifths displays major keys in its outer circle, running clockwise C, G, D, A, E, B, F#, C#, Ab, Eb, Bb, and F.

Here, the # and b symbols represent the expression “sharp” and “flat,” with the former raising a note and the latter lowering a note.

If you begin at C on your keyboard, you’ll see that the next step, either clockwise or counterclockwise, is five full notes up or down the keyboard.

These adjacent notes are known as the perfect fifth and are a foundational element of diatonic chords and scales.

 

Recommended reading: What is Audio Compression? Ultimate Guide.

 

Step 3: Understand Key Signatures

Moving outward from the notes of the circle of fifths, another layer is presented, illustrating key signatures.

Key signatures are used to denote the number of sharps or flats required to form a major or minor scale as you move through the circle.

Move clockwise, and sharps are added at each note, with a single sharp for G through to six sharps for F#.

Counter clockwise follows the same pattern, this time adding a flat for each note until reaching F# with six sharps.

These key signatures serve several functions, helping independent artists compose with simplified notation that improves readability.

 

Step 4: Identify Relative Minor Keys & Major Keys

Moving on to the final layer of the circle of fifths, the concept of relative minor keys is outlined.

Through the inner circle, the minor keys that correspond to their major counterparts are directly opposite on the circle.

You’ll notice that each relative minor key shares the identical key signatures as its major counterpart.

In composition, switching to a relative minor key enables modulation between sections and adds emotional depth.

Using the circle of fifths allows songwriters to jump between related keys for more complex harmonic results.

 

Step 5: Learn Chord Structures

Understanding the role of a major or minor scale is an essential foundation for learning different types of chords.

Just as each letter represents a note, it also signifies the related group of notes known as chords, concerning the perfect fifth.

Start by practicing basic triads, which incorporate the root note along with a third and a fifth and are easy to perform.

For example, if your root note is C, the third and fifth notes needed for a triad chord will be a major third (E) and a perfect fifth (G).

For a minor triad chord, the third note will be a minor third, while other chord types use different notes and intervals in their formation.

 

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Step 6: Explore Different Chord Progressions

The circle of fifths is also an excellent tool for learning about and exploring interesting chord progressions.

Moving clockwise on the circle shows the relative chord at fifth intervals to create smooth and harmonious sounds.

For example, beginning at C, the chord progressions move to G, D, A, and on through the following notes.

This makes it easy to create harmonious chord progressions, allowing for adaptation to different keys or musical styles.

If you’re exploring jazz, you can expand on the concept of chord progressions by learning about modes in music.

 

Step 7: Experiment With Harmonies

The same general principles used for creating minor or major chord progressions can be applied to understanding harmonies.

This concept relates to the relationship between multiple notes played together, shifting mood based on their arrangement.

We’ve touched on triad chords as basic building blocks, but complex chords will add more color to your compositions.

This includes diminished and augmented chords, suspended chords, and seventh chords, each using different notes and intervals.

Practicing these on your keyboard will help you to master the chord types and apply harmonies in unique ways.

 

Step 8: Transpose With Intervals

Another common use of the circle of fifths is for transposing a song, which involves changing from one key to another.

This process is used to make songs easier for vocalists to sing and to make specific instruments easier to play.

Using the circle of fifths allows musicians to instantly transpose from one key to the next by tracing the corresponding notes on the diagram.

By observing the chord relationship in the original key, they can be mapped onto the required new key.

 

Step 9: Analyze Your Favorite Songs

As you start to become familiar with the circle of fifths and its application for songwriting, you can relate it to popular songs.

Many chart-topping pop songs follow a similar pattern, with familiar chord progressions that align with the circle of fifths.

As you analyze your favorite songs and understand the compositional structures, you can adopt them for your own songs.

This structure can then be applied to other elements of music production, modifying tonality and dynamics.

 

Step 10: Experiment With Song Structures

While most popular music follows a similar song structure, there is plenty of room for experimentation when composing.

This can range from using descending chord sequences, moving to a different key, or starting with a non-tonic chord.

Introducing breaks or transitions allows the listener to process the music, while altering section lengths also adds variety.

You can explore less common chord variations and progressions using the circle of fifths, for instance, through abrupt modulations.

Instead of moving between adjacent keys, modulation uses uncommon keys and can enhance the dramatic effect.

It’s an effective songwriting tactic for compositions in more experimental genres, creating tension and anticipation.

 

Distribute & Promote Your Music With Promo Hype

Creating excellent compositions with the circle of fifths demands reaching an audience that appreciates your style.

Independent artists can distribute and promote music through Promo Hype and unlock a range of powerful tools.

Sign up for a Promo Hype membership to access the following cutting-edge features:

  • Global distribution across all streaming platforms: Promo Hype members can schedule and distribute new and archived music across all the major streaming platforms. Drive traffic to Spotify, Amazon Music, TIDAL, Apple Music, and elsewhere.
  • Complete control of marketing with the Promotional Toolkit: With Promo Hype’s Promotional Toolkit, independent musicians have full control over their marketing budget. Assess campaign performance and refine your overall promotional strategy.
  • Robust analytics to enhance your music career: Understanding where your fans get your music is essential for developing a career. You can analyze various metrics through the Promo Hype artist Dashboard.
  • Support and collaborations through the Promo Hype Community: If you’re struggling with the circle of fifths or looking for a collaboration, Promo Hype’s Community can help. Network with like-minded artists and share your insights into composition.

With features accessible through a streamlined Dashboard, Promo Hype is dedicated to driving success for independent artists.

 

Summary

Newcomers to songwriting can find the process daunting, with music theory terminology often adding to the confusion.

By following this guide, the circle of fifths can be demystified and incorporated into your songwriting workflow.

It’s a powerful tool in Western music for all types of songwriters, inspiring creative melodies and chord progressions.

Top 10 Record Labels Looking For Artists In 2025

Believe it or not, there are many record labels looking for artists; you just need to know where to find them. Record labels remain powerful despite streaming platforms, social media, and digital distribution changing how artists connect with audiences.

A good label can offer resources, connections, and expertise that can accelerate your music career. Securing a record deal still represents a significant milestone on a musician’s path to success.

Our guide highlights 10 record labels looking for new artists to sign. We focus on labels demonstrating a commitment to artist development, fair and transparent deals, and innovative marketing approaches.

 

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Top 10 Record Labels Looking For Artists In 2025

The most artist-friendly labels offer so much more than traditional distribution and promotion. Think of creative communities, technical resources, and specialized expertise to help boost your music career.

Whether you create experimental music, heavy metal, authentic indie rock, or hip-hop, it’s essential to understand which labels are actively signing artists. We have selected 10 of the best record labels looking for artists who know more than just how to write a song!

 

10. Chinese Man Records

In 2004, Chinese Man Records established itself as a creative hub for artists who defy easy categorization. Based in Marseille, France, this collective-turned-label specializes in genre-bending music that combines hip-hop foundations with global influences from trip-hop, dub, and reggae.

The label takes its name from its founding group, Chinese Man, which built its music business through innovative sampling techniques and immersive live performances. They’re interested in signing artists who incorporate diverse cultural elements into their production style and demonstrate strong visual aesthetics to complement their sound.

 

9. Paper Garden Records

Paper Garden Records has grown from a small indie outfit into a creative force in London and Brooklyn. The label was founded with an emphasis on community-building through music.

Their approach combines traditional record label services with event production in memorable settings. Paper Garden has recently invested in its production studio and content creation facilities.

For artists looking to join their roster, they value fresh talent, a clear vision, and a willingness to participate in their collaborative community.

 

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8. Freshly Squeezed Music

Freshly Squeezed Music has carved out a niche in the electronic music landscape by popularizing vintage-influenced dance sounds. Founded in the UK, the label promotes the electro-swing movement, which blends samples of 1920s-40s jazz and swing with contemporary electronic production.

Freshly Squeezed has built a loyal international following through its distinctive visual branding and themed events that transport you to different eras. The record label offers robust promotional support for artists, as demonstrated by Freshly Squeezed’s influential playlists, compilation albums, and festival appearances.

If you know how to make music that fits their aesthetic direction, this may be a label for you. Artists signed to Freshly Squeezed benefit from joining a recognizable musical movement with a dedicated fan base.

 

7. One Shoe Records

One Shoe Records has emerged as a significant player in the UK independent scene. It is known for its artist-friendly contracts and transparent business practices.

Founded by former musicians who had experienced unfair record label deals, their business model prioritizes equitable profit sharing and creative control for its artists. The label’s name references its humble beginnings, starting with just “one shoe” in the music industry’s door.

One Shoe gained respect for its patient approach to artist development. It often works with musicians for long periods before releasing projects. Its in-house production team creates recordings that capture the emotional intensity of live performances while adding thoughtful studio enhancements.

 

6. Revolver

Revolver has established itself as one of the most genre-diverse independent record labels. The company’s headquarters are located in Los Angeles and Berlin, encompassing a diverse musical spectrum.

Their digital distribution network has become particularly sophisticated, featuring targeted promotion channels for various segments worldwide. The label seeks artists who demonstrate exceptional quality within their chosen style rather than trying to fit current trends.

 

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5. Disconnect Disconnect Records

Disconnect Disconnect Records has built a fiercely loyal following in the punk, hardcore, and alternative rock communities. Based in Manchester, UK, the label embodies the DIY ethos of punk culture while providing its many artists with professional support services that help them reach broader audiences.

The company operates on principles of community support and musical authenticity, rather than commercial trends. Disconnect Disconnect has expanded its international presence while maintaining close connections to grassroots music scenes.

What makes Disconnect Disconnect distinctive is its commitment to the values of the post-punk community. The label has a strong merchandising operation, helping artists create products that generate income.

 

4. Captured Tracks

Captured Tracks has evolved from a boutique Brooklyn record label into a global force in independent music. Founded by Mike Sniper in 2008, the label initially focused on lo-fi and dream pop sounds.

They combine artist development and careful curation with innovative digital strategies and global distribution networks. Their in-house team handles everything from music production to marketing.

Captured Tracks provides a prestigious platform with a strong identity and creative freedom. The label actively seeks musicians with unique perspectives and sounds that complement its existing roster.

 

3. Mute

Mute Records is one of the most respected independent record labels in music history. Its legacy dates back to 1978 when Daniel Miller founded it to release his own single.

Mute has become a powerhouse of avant-garde and electronic music, representing some of the most successful independent artists, including Depeche Mode, Nick Cave, and Goldfrapp, while continually signing innovative artists.

What distinguishes Mute from many competitors is its commitment to artistic vision. Mute is particularly interested in artists working at the intersection of electronic production and other genres.

 

2. Red Bull Records

Red Bull Records primarily focuses on alternative rock, hip-hop, and electronic music. It leverages its parent brand’s global reach to help artists promote their music while maintaining its creative direction.

Founded in 2007, the label has established itself as a serious player in the music industry. One significant benefit for artists signed to the label is free access to Red Bull’s network of studios, media outlets, and event spaces.

Their marketing capabilities are undoubtedly powerful, and artists can integrate with Red Bull’s sports and cultural programming.

Their artist-friendly deals enable musicians to retain ownership of their master recordings. Red Bull has shown particular success with artists who blend genres and appeal to culturally diverse people.

 

1. Sub Pop

Few top record labels can claim the cultural impact of Sub Pop, which helped launch the music careers of Nirvana and Soundgarden. While forever associated with the Seattle grunge explosion of the early 1990s, Sub Pop has continued to evolve, signing diverse acts across popular music genres including indie rock, folk, electronic, and hip-hop.

Sub Pop is attractive to artists because it has a track record of developing long-term music careers rather than chasing quick hits. It provides substantial creative freedom while offering the resources and expertise to help bands reach their potential audience.

 

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What Can A Record Label Do For You?

Many independent artists may question whether they need a record label, given that self-releasing music is more viable than ever. Regardless, labels still provide crucial resources and expert support that can significantly accelerate a career.

First and foremost, reputable labels provide financial investment in your career. Typically, this includes funding for recording, video production, touring support, and marketing campaigns that would be difficult to self-finance.

Labels offer expert playlist placement, can submit music to radio stations, and provide support for press coverage. These industry relationships and specialized knowledge can help your music reach audiences around the world.

Perhaps the most valuable thing a label provides is a team of experienced music industry professionals focused on your career development. From A&R guidance to help improve your artistic output, to marketing strategists who effectively position your music.

 

What To Look For When Choosing A Label

Finding the right record label partner is about much more than who offers the most significant advance. The ideal label relationship should align with your vision, career goals, and personal values.

Before pursuing or accepting a deal, research the label’s track record with similar artists. Have they successfully developed careers in your genre? Do their artists receive consistent support beyond their debut releases?

Contract terms should be scrutinized, ideally with the assistance of an entertainment attorney. Key considerations include ownership of master demos, royalty rates, creative control provisions, and term length.

Please be careful with label deals that require excessive rights (such as merchandise or publishing) without specific plans to develop those areas. The most artist-friendly labels maintain transparency about their financial models and marketing strategies, willingly explaining how they’ll recoup their investment and grow their audience.

Meet with team members who will work directly on your projects to evaluate their enthusiasm and understanding of your music. Research how current artists on the roster feel about their experiences, particularly those at similar career stages.

Remember that signing with a label means entrusting an essential part of your artistic life to these partners. Choosing the right match is as much about personal connection as it is about business terms.

 

How To Stand Out To A Record Label

Record labels are looking for artists who demonstrate potential for long-term success. Before approaching top record labels, develop a brand that encompasses your sound, visual aesthetic, messaging, and values. This setup gives A&R representatives a clear understanding of your unique market position.

Building an engaged audience increases your attractiveness to labels, even those of modest size. This demonstrates proof of concept, which reduces the label’s risk. Focus on metrics that show genuine engagement rather than just follower counts.

Strong streaming retention rates, active social media engagement, and dedicated attendance at live performances indicate genuine connections with listeners. Document your growth with professional press photos and organized analytics that tell the story of your developing career.

Personal connections remain invaluable in the music industry; therefore, attend industry events and actively participate in your local music community. Rather than cold-contacting, you can request introductions to label representatives through trusted intermediaries.

When you do have the opportunity to present your music, be prepared and authentic. Top record labels value professionalism but want to work with genuine people who are passionate about their art.

 

What Are Record Labels Looking For?

If you want to know how to get signed by a record label, understanding what they are looking for will help you position yourself more effectively. While criteria can vary from label to label, certain qualities consistently attract attention.

Most major labels are looking for artists who offer something fresh while remaining accessible to their target audience. This need doesn’t necessarily mean radical experimentation, but bringing a unique perspective or approach to your chosen style.

Beyond the music, labels seek evidence of work ethic, reliability, and the ability to collaborate effectively with teams. Your existing audience engagement provides valuable insights into how you connect with your listeners.

Strong performance skills remain as important as ever, as live shows drive significant revenue and build lasting fan relationships. Most importantly, labels evaluate whether they can add meaningful value to what you already have.

Record labels looking for artists will consider how your music aligns with their existing roster, distribution channels, and industry connections. They assess whether their marketing expertise would effectively amplify your story and whether your career timeline aligns with their business model.

 

How To Submit Your Music To Record Labels

Approaching labels requires thorough research and careful preparation. Before submitting anything, thoroughly review each label’s submission guidelines.

Please don’t skip this, as many specifications include specific formats, required information, and whether they accept unsolicited material. Failing to meet these requirements virtually guarantees that your submission will go unheard.

Most labels prefer digital submissions through specified channels rather than physical packages or unsolicited emails. Your submission package should include your top 3-5 demos and a concise biography highlighting your key achievements and influences.

Remember to include professional photos, links to your social media and streaming profiles, and relevant press coverage. Keep all materials professional, well-organized, and consistent with your artist branding. After submitting, be patient and keep working.

Label review processes take months, as many receive hundreds of submissions weekly. While waiting, continue to build your audience, create content, and refine your craft.

Remember that even rejection can provide valuable information. If a label declines but offers specific feedback, consider it for future development.

PromoHype can help you promote your music and take key steps toward securing a label deal.

 

Summary

Record labels looking for artists today offer opportunities across mainstream, eclectic, and niche genres. Many continue to evolve their services and business models to stay relevant.

Finding the right label partner will involve careful research, strategic positioning, and a thorough understanding of each label’s offerings and values. While securing a record deal requires persistence and preparation, the benefits make the effort worthwhile.

The right partnership can accelerate your musical journey by providing financial support, access to expertise, industry relationships, and collaborative communities.

Types of Chords: 10 Chord Types & How To Play Them

Various types of chords form the building blocks of music and create the foundation for songs. Once you understand a chord, it opens up endless musical possibilities.

Our guide breaks down chord types in a clear and easy-to-understand manner. Even if you’re starting to learn music theory, learning different kinds of chords doesn’t have to be complicated.

Read on to learn how each chord type works and how to use it in your own music.

 

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What Is A Chord?

A chord is a group of notes played together to create a specific sound or feeling. The most basic chords contain at least three notes played simultaneously.

Different combinations of notes create unique chords with distinct emotional qualities. Some chords sound happy and bright, while others feel sad or tense.

Simpler forms, such as power chords, may use just two notes. When these notes blend, they create a harmony that becomes the foundation for melodies.

If you want to learn how to make music sound better, use chord progression to convey feelings that words alone cannot express.

 

How Are Chords Constructed?

Chords are constructed by building upon a single note (the root note) and adding other notes at specific intervals.

The most common way to build chords is by stacking thirds. This process involves taking your root note, adding the note that’s a third above it, and then adding a note that’s a third above it.

This pattern of stacking thirds creates triads, which are the simplest complete chords. For example, to build a C major triad, start with C as your root note, add E (a third above C), and then add your third note, G (a third above E).

 

Why Learning Different Chord Types Matters

Learning different chord types expands your musical vocabulary significantly. Understanding how to play basic chords helps you to write songs with depth and emotional range and become a better improviser. Knowing how chords function and relate to one another means you can make more intentional choices about your music.

Understanding chords also helps when learning to play by ear, as you’ll recognize chords in popular songs. They help simplify playing a song, so you learn the chord progressions rather than playing all the notes.

 

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10 Types Of Chords You Need To Know

Here we examine the 10 types of chords every musician should know. From basic major and minor chords to the more complex chords.

 

10. Major Chords

The major and minor scales are the foundations of song structure. Major chords consist of three notes: the root, a major third (4 half steps up), and a perfect fifth (7 half steps above the root). Together, these three notes create a major triad.

For example, the C major chord contains the notes C, E, and G. Playing these notes together produces a happy and cheerful sound perfect for upbeat songs.

Major chords usually sound complete or resolved and are typically found at the end of songs, providing a sense of closure.

 

9. Minor Chords

Minor chords are often described as sounding sad, pensive, or mysterious. They consist of three notes: the root note, a minor third, and a perfect fifth.

This combination creates a minor triad. For instance, a C minor chord consists of the notes C, E♭, and G.

Notice that the only difference between a C major scale chord and the C minor scale chord is that the middle note (the third) is lowered by one-half step. Minor chords are essential for expressing complex emotions, creating tension, depth, and melancholy.

 

8. Diminished Chords

Once you understand major and minor chords, you can move on to diminished chords. Diminished chords create tension and dissonance, making them perfect for building suspense.

A diminished triad consists of the root note, a minor third, and a diminished fifth.

For example, a C diminished chord contains the notes C (root), E♭ (minor third), and G♭ (diminished fifth). This combination creates an ‘unstable’ sound that requires resolution.

What makes diminished chords unique is that the third and fifth are lowered compared to a major chord. This adjustment creates a characteristic, tense, unsettled quality that composers use to build anticipation or express anxiety.

 

7. Augmented Chords

Augmented chords create a mysterious and dreamlike sound and consist of the root note, a major third, and an augmented fifth.

This combination creates a chord that sounds like it’s reaching upward or stretching. For instance, a C augmented chord contains the notes C, E, and G#.

The raised fifth gives augmented chords their characteristic sound. They’re less commonly used than major or minor chords and are perfect for creating moments of wonder, tension, or transition in music.

You’ll hear augmented chords in jazz music, psychedelic rock, and film scores, especially during mysterious or fantastical scenes.

 

6. Dominant 7th Chords

Dominant 7th chords are dynamic, tension-building chords that create a sense of momentum and drive. A dominant seventh chord consists of four notes: the root note, a major third, a perfect fifth, and a minor seventh (10 half steps above the root).

This combination creates a chord that practically begs to be resolved to another chord. For example, a C dominant seventh chord (written as C7) contains the notes C, E, G, and B♭.

Adding the minor seventh note creates that distinctive bluesy, unresolved quality.

 

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5. Major 7th Chords

Major 7th chords have a sophisticated sound that adds richness and complexity to music. A major seventh chord consists of four notes: the root note, a major third, a perfect fifth, and a major seventh (11 half steps above the root).

For instance, a C major seventh chord (written as Cmaj7) contains the notes C, E, G, and B.

The major seventh note gives these chords their characteristic dreamy quality. Major 7th chords are in jazz, bossa nova, and some of the most popular music genres.

 

4. Minor 7th Chords

Minor 7th chords bring an emotional and rich quality to music. A minor seventh chord consists of four notes: the root note, a minor third, a perfect fifth, and a minor seventh (10 half steps above the root).

This combination creates a chord that’s both sad and soulful. For example, a C minor seventh chord (written as Cm7) contains the notes C, E♭, G, and B♭.

Minor 7th chords have a warm, slightly jazzy feel that works in R&B, soul, and indie rock. They express more sadness than minor chords, making them particularly effective for creating moody, atmospheric song sections.

 

3. Suspended Chords (Sus2 and Sus4)

All types of chords form the basis of music theory. Suspended chords have a floaty quality that creates anticipation in music. Unlike most chords, these don’t contain a third (neither major nor minor).

Instead, a sus4 chord replaces the third with a perfect fourth (5 half steps above the root), while a sus2 chord replaces it with a major second (2 half steps above the root).

For example:

  • A Csus4 chord contains the notes C (root), F (perfect fourth), and G (perfect fifth)
  • A Csus2 chord contains C (root), D (major second), and G (perfect fifth).

Because suspended chords lack a third, they have neither a major nor a minor quality.

 

2. Sixth Chords (Major and Minor)

Sixth chords add a bright, jazzy flavor to the music. A major sixth chord consists of a major triad plus a major sixth note (9 half steps above the root), while a minor sixth chord contains a minor triad plus a major sixth.

For example:

  • A major sixth chord (written as A6) contains the notes A (root), C (major third), E (perfect fifth), and G (major sixth).
  • A C minor sixth chord (Cm6) would contain C, E♭, G, and A.

The added sixth note gives them their characteristic vintage and jazzy quality. Sixth chords are found in jazz, pop, and R&B music, offering an alternative to standard major and minor chords.

 

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1. Power Chords

Power chords are high-energy guitar chords that drive rock and punk music. Power chords contain two unique notes: the root and the perfect fifth.

Because they lack a third, power chords are neither major nor minor. For instance, a C power chord (written as C5) contains just C (root) and G (perfect fifth).

Power chords’ simplicity makes them perfect for playing with distortion on an electric guitar. They avoid the muddiness that comes with playing major and minor triads with heavy distortion.

These chords are the foundation of countless rock, punk, and metal songs. They’re also incredibly easy to play on guitar, making them perfect for beginners.

 

What Is A Chord Progression?

A chord progression is a series of chords played in sequence. It is like a song’s roadmap, determining where the music goes and how it feels.

Simple progressions use just three or four chords repeated throughout the entire song, while complex pieces use dozens of chords arranged in intricate patterns.

Chord progressions create a sense of movement and emotional development in music. They can build tension, release it, or develop a feeling of departure and return.

Understanding familiar chord progressions provides you with ready-made templates to use or adapt for your compositions. Thoughtful chord progressions create music that resonates with listeners.

 

Most Common Chord Progressions

Some of the most successful artists use the same chord progressions, which is why they appear so frequently in popular music. The most famous is the C-F-G progression (in the key of C), which forms the backbone of blues, rock, and country songs.

This simple yet powerful three-chord sequence perfectly balances stability and movement. Another widespread progression is the C-G-Am-F sequence, which appears in hundreds of pop hits, from “Don’t Stop Believin'” to “Let It Be.”

Other popular progressions include:

  • Am-F-C-G: This progression begins with the relative minor chord, creating a wistful, emotional journey often heard in modern pop ballads.
  • C-Am-F-G: The classic 1950s doo-wop progression lends songs a nostalgic, upbeat feel, making them perfect for love songs.
  • Dm-G-C: A fundamental progression in jazz that creates a smooth, sophisticated resolution. In jazz contexts, these are often played as Dm7-G7-Cmaj7 to add richness.

These progressions are used frequently because they create satisfying harmonic movement that supports melodies. Learning common patterns gives you immediate access to sounds that listeners already find familiar and pleasing.

You can twist these progressions by changing the rhythm, adding passing chords, or substituting similar chords to create something fresh.

 

How To Write Chords

You’ll need to understand notation and how to represent chord structures on paper when writing chords. The most common method is to use chord symbols.

  • Major chord: Write the root note (like “C” for C major).
  • Minor chord: Add “m” or “min” after the root (like “Cm” or “Cmin”).

More complex chords add additional symbols to indicate their quality.

  • Seventh chords: Add “7” (for dominant seventh), “maj7” (for major seventh), or “m7” (for minor seventh).
  • Suspended chords: Indicate with “sus4” or “sus2.” Augmented and diminished chords use “aug” or “+” and “dim” or “°”.

When writing chord progressions, you list the chords in order and separate them with dashes, for example, “C—E—G—B.” If you’re learning how to read sheet music, you can still create great music with this simple system.

 

The Importance Of Chord Quality

Chord quality refers to the character or ‘flavor’ of a chord. Chord quality determines the emotional impact of your music.

Major chords generally sound happy and resolved, while minor chords feel sad or introspective. Diminished chords create tension, and augmented chords add mystery.

Choosing the right chord quality for a particular moment in your song can deeply move your audience. Compelling songwriters use chord quality intentionally to guide listeners through an emotional journey.

 

Tips For Learning Different Types Of Chords

Start with the basic triads in standard keys before moving on to more complex chords. Practice transitioning between different chord types to develop muscle memory and fluidity.

Studying songs you love can help you learn chords in context. This review makes learning more engaging and demonstrates how chords are used in real music.

Countless apps and websites provide chord diagrams and interactive lessons. Consider working with a teacher or collaborating with other musicians to give feedback and encourage one another.

Consistent, focused practice is more effective than sporadic marathon sessions. Set small, achievable goals for yourself and celebrate your progress.

 

Summary

Chords give music emotional power and harmonic structure. Each chord type brings its unique character to your music.

Understanding how chords are constructed and function in progressions means you can create the sound and feeling you want in your music. Mastering chords may take time and practice, but it’s incredibly rewarding.

Top 10 Most Successful Independent Artists of All Time

Many exceptionally talented musicians choose not to sign with a major record label and retain full creative control over their output.

The most successful independent artists demonstrate that this approach can deliver results, achieving international acclaim while upholding their principles.

This article explores the rise of independent artists and how they have achieved significant success while maintaining their artistic integrity.

 

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Top 10 Most Successful Independent Artists Of All Time

A handful of major labels dominate the music industry, but independent artists are increasingly breaking the mold and reshaping the landscape.

These artists demonstrate that talented acts can achieve tremendous success, becoming best-selling artists with a global audience.

So without further ado, here’s our list of the 10 most successful independent artists of all time.

 

10. M83

Net Worth: $1.3-2.3 million

Worldwide Album Sales: 300,000+

The French electronic music duo M83 shares many characteristics with other underground dance music acts from the late 1990s and early 2000s.

Formed by the act’s frontman, Anthony Gonzalez, M83 began defining the synth-pop sound in the 2000s that has since become hugely popular.

M83’s self-titled debut album, recorded on an 8-track, garnered attention from the independent record label Mute Records, receiving an international release.

A string of successes followed, paving the way for collaborations and remixes for artists like Goldfrapp, Depeche Mode, and Bloc Party.

M83’s style, which blends synthesizers with dense guitars, is evident on “Midnight City,” a huge hit that achieved platinum in several markets.

It’s an approach to genre-blending that signifies independent artists’ role in pushing boundaries and breaking mainstream conventions.

M83 continues releasing original works through Mute Records and established the independent label Other Suns to support up-and-coming artists.

 

9. Mya

Net Worth: $5 million

Worldwide Album Sales: 30 million+

R&B singer-songwriter Mya is a relatively unique case in the music industry. She initially began her career with a major record label.

Mya’s career took off in 1998 with the release of her debut album, Mya, through University Records, an imprint of Interscope Records.

The success of this and subsequent releases throughout the early 2000s made her a pop sensation, selling millions of singles and albums worldwide.

Mya’s talent for writing songs was enhanced through various collaborations with leading producers, including Wyclef Jean and Rodney Jenkins.

However, by 2008, she decided to leave the major record label Universal Motown and join the ranks of other independent artists seeking artistic freedom.

After creating her own record label, Planet 9, Mya began self-funding and producing music without the oversight of corporate executives.

Her subsequent output has received widespread acclaim, with the 2017 release Smoove Jones winning Best R&B Album at the Grammy Awards.

 

Learn more: How to submit your music to radio stations.

 

8. Bon Iver

Net Worth: $8 million

Worldwide Album Sales: 2 million+

The American indie rock band Bon Iver started as Justin Vernon’s solo project before evolving into a collaborative project.

Vernon’s approach to forming the band encapsulated the spirit of indie artists, prioritizing collaboration and independence as driving goals.

This ethos underpinned the creative process behind their early work, and their debut album, For Emma, Forever Ago, initially released on a run of 500 CDs.

Bon Iver’s grassroots approach to promotion included sending copies to local blogs and outlets, which caught Pitchfork’s reviewers’ attention.

This exposure significantly raised Bon Iver’s profile, making major and independent record labels vie for a deal.

Despite lucrative offers from major industry players, the band’s second self-titled album was released through the independent label Jagjaguwar.

Following universal praise from music industry critics, the album won two Grammy Awards in 2012 for Best New Artist and Best Alternative Music Album.

Bon Iver’s legacy of success is another example of how independent musicians can reach a broad audience without compromising principles.

 

7. Frank Ocean

Net Worth: $16 million

Worldwide Album Sales: 10 million+

Frank Ocean is another example of a music artist who has enjoyed massive success through mainstream channels and opted to go independent.

Like Mya, Ocean’s early career saw him acquire multiple record deals with corporate outlets, notably through his Def Jam partnerships.

Through Def Jam, Ocean wrote songs for other artists, many of whom he had collaborated with as a member of the Odd Future collective.

His instinctive ability to make music with artistic and commercial appeal led to chart-topping hits for Justin Bieber and John Legend.

Ocean soon became dissatisfied with Def Jam’s work culture. By 2016, he had cut ties with the label, describing it as a “bad marriage.”

The decision freed Ocean to forge a new path as an independent artist, founding his own record label and releasing the album Blonde.

A critical and commercial success, Blonde signaled a new and fruitful creative era for the artist, both as a musician and filmmaker.

 

6. Boyce Avenue

Net Worth: $16 million+

Worldwide Album Sales: 150,000+

Another hugely successful rock band with independent roots, Boyce Avenue’s roots bear many similarities to Bon Iver’s origins.

Launched as a passion project by three brothers, they adopted grassroots methods such as YouTube videos and covers to promote their brand.

After posting covers of songs by Rihanna and Justin Timberlake, Boyce Avenue released their debut album, All You’re Meant to Be, in 2008.

The band’s early success led to a deal with Republic Records, but after a series of sell-out tours, they retracted the agreement and returned to independence.

Preferring to earn money directly from loyal fans, Boyce Avenue also removed monetization from YouTube ads on their videos.

The band also avoids the hefty fees associated with major label production by composing and producing music from its own studio.

This approach has paid off, and Boyce Avenue continues to perform international tours while retaining complete independence.

 

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5. Chance The Rapper

Net Worth: $25 million

Worldwide Album Sales: 150,000+

Few independent artists in the hip-hop scene have inspired up-and-coming artists quite like Chance The Rapper.

Following the success of his early mixtape Coloring Book, released in 2016, Chance The Rapper has become a rap sensation who dominates global streams.

His presence on streaming services in favor of selling physical copies of his releases reflects modern music industry and listening trends.

Indeed, Coloring Book became the first streaming-only release to win the Best Rap Album Award at the Grammy Awards.

After receiving over 57 million streams in the first week of its release, Coloring Book broke another record by debuting at number 8 on Billboard.

Chance The Rapper has declined several record deals and is a pioneering artist in an era when going viral on TikTok can lead to international fame.

 

Recommended read: The Ultimate Guide to Song Structure.

 

4. Macklemore

Net Worth: $24-30 million

Worldwide Album Sales: 6.5 million+

Macklemore, whose real name is Benjamin Hammond Haggerty, is frequently cited as one of the most successful independent artists of all time.

Beginning his career with business partner Ryan Lewis in 2000, his output is synonymous with the spirit of artistic freedom that indie artists enjoy.

Throughout the 2000s, Macklemore released a string of albums, but the single “Thrift Shop,” produced with Lewis, launched him into the mainstream.

Selling thousands of copies and certified platinum, it was the first ever rap song to top the Billboard Hot 100 charts without corporate studio backing.

Macklemore & Ryan Lewis’s debut album, The Heist, continued this independent approach, with Alternative Distribution Alliance providing minimal support.

Likewise, Macklemore’s impressive streaming numbers on YouTube demonstrate how independent artists can have a significant influence on the music scene.

 

3. Hanson

Net Worth: $60 million

Worldwide Album Sales: 16 million+

Anyone familiar with late 1990s chart-topping hits will have heard of the pop sensation Hanson, which three brothers formed earlier that decade.

Their single “MMMBop” smashed through the charts and helped drive sales of their debut album, Middle of Nowhere, which was released through Polygram Records.

This success story saw the band move to Island Def Jam Music Group, but bad experiences soon led them to depart and work independently.

The label had continually refused to release submitted songs, citing a lack of marketability, forcing Hanson to part ways.

After launching the independent label 3CG Records, Hanson has produced highly acclaimed songs and embarked on sell-out tours.

This success includes the Underneath Acoustic Tour in 2003, culminating in a highly praised performance at the prestigious Carnegie Hall.

Hanson’s releases have also enjoyed commercial success, with 2004’s Underneath becoming one of the most successful self-released albums ever.

Their music career reflects how independent artists capitalize on digital platforms, with the documentary, Strong Enough to Break, debuting on iTunes.

Widely regarded as pioneers of internet promotion, Hanson’s legacy includes early live-streaming shows and online videos that predate YouTube.

 

2. The Arctic Monkeys

Net Worth: $67-77 million

Worldwide Album Sales: 12 million+

The Arctic Monkeys have become a household name since they formed in 2002 as an instrumental-only group in Sheffield, England.

Before long, the band was signed to the record label Domino Recording Company, through which they released Whatever People Say I Am, That’s What I’m Not.

The release soon broke new records, becoming the fastest-selling debut album in the UK charts’ history, moving over 360,000 copies.

Its success paved the way for hit singles and albums over the following years, with The Arctic Monkeys standing by the independent label.

This win allowed them to retain control over their music output and image, a testament to how independence can deliver authenticity.

At the same time, their success opened up new opportunities for high-profile collaborations with artists like Queens of the Stone Age and Lana Del Rey.

 

1. Radiohead

Net Worth: $160 million

Worldwide Album Sales: 30 million+

Like many great British rock bands, Radiohead’s formative years saw them performing in local venues and adopting an experimental approach.

Often credited with defining the alternative rock scene, Radiohead’s breakthrough came in 1001 with the release of the debut album Pablo Honey.

After signing to the major label EMI and dominating the charts with the single “Creep,” the band released multiple landmark albums.

By the early 2000s, however, Radiohead opted to break from EMI and release their seventh album, In Rainbows, independently of the label.

Proving the album as a free download for their fans, In Rainbow revolutionized indie releases by allowing customers to set their own price.

The success of this radical testing led to a new phase of music production experimentation, with releases like The King of Limbs.

Today, Radiohead’s reputation is unsurpassed among alt-rock music fans, presenting a true success story for musicians at the cutting edge of the industry.

 

Promote Your Music With Promo Hype

If you’re an independent artist looking to promote your music, Promo Hype delivers a complete suite of services to help you succeed.

Become a Promo Hype member and you can access the following services:

  • Global music distribution across all major streaming platforms: Promo Hype members can instantly upload or schedule new tracks across all major streaming platforms, including Spotify, TIDAL, Apple Music, and SoundCloud. We also maximize your royalties, allowing you to retain as much money from streams as possible.
  • Powerful promotional tools to reach a wider audience: Successful independent artists understand the importance of promotion and marketing. Promo Hype’s promotional tools keep fans informed about new releases and upcoming tours, so they don’t miss out.
  • In-depth analytics to connect with your fan base: Understanding how your music performs across various platforms is crucial for informed decision-making. Access Promo Hype’s artist dashboard and learn where your efforts are paying off the most.

With a lively community of like-minded indie artists, Promo Hype is an essential platform for transforming talent into huge success.

 

Summary

Indie musicians often struggle to get their music heard, facing intense competition from established acts working with major labels.

The most successful independent artists prove that these obstacles can be overcome, leading to a successful career that spans many years.

They inspire other artists to pursue independent music careers and showcase how creative control can lead to commercial success.

The 25 Best Free VST Plugins To Use In 2025

Music production encompasses a range of processes, including applying effects and utilizing virtual instruments for song composition.

The best free VSTs offer a budget-friendly alternative for producers to arrange and refine tracks on their chosen DAW.

Continue reading for a breakdown of the essential free VST plugins you can use to transform your music production.

 

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Promo Hype’s Top 3 Picks:

  1. Best Free Effects Plugin: Valhalla Super Massive
  2. Best Free Mixing & Mastering Plugin: TDR Nova
  3. Best Free Instrument Plugin: Surge XT

 

The 25 Best Free VST Plugins To Use In 2025

There are thousands of free plugins available to help with songwriting and music production, covering all aspects of the process.

Our list of free VST plugins encompasses effects and mixing plugins, as well as virtual instruments for guitars, synths, and drums.

 

Best Free Effects Plugins

Effects plugins are vital for altering the dynamics, tone, and presence of individual and groups of audio clips.

Here are the best free VSTs for effects you can use for delay, reverb, filters, and other powerful manipulation tools.

 

25. Glitch Machines Hysterisis (Free Delay Plugin)

Electronic music production often incorporates robotic artifacts to deliver a sense of futuristic presence.

The glitch delay plugin Hysterisis by Glitch Machines delivers this sound through a combination of feedback, stutter, and modulation.

It comes with 60 factory presets to explore, with a scalable user interface that makes it easy to master.

Compatible with most music production software, it’s a powerful plugin for contorted signal mutations that add grit to tracks.

 

24. Blue Cat Audio Vintage Flanger (Free Flanger Plugin)

The flanger effect is used sparingly compared to other effects, yet it still holds a firm place in many production pipelines.

Using the Blue Cat Audio Vintage Flanger adds impressive sweetness and warmth with a vintage 1970s vibe.

There’s also stereo spread control tools, allowing for stereo flagging manipulation using a single knob and complete MIDI control.

Used judiciously, the Blue Cat Audio Vintage Flanger can be an invaluable addition to a music producer’s arsenal.

 

23. Camel Crusher (Free Distortion & Saturation Plugin)

If you’re producing heavy rock or techno, you’ll need free plugins that provide punchy distortion and saturation effects.

The Camel Crusher plugin is an excellent option, allowing music producers to distort audio through powerful algorithms.

There are also features that cover filters, compression, and options to fine-tune the overall sound with mastering controls.

It’s intuitive to use without compromising on flexibility, making it a great starting point for newcomers to production.

 

22. Acorn Digital Multiply (Free Chorus Plugin)

An impressive, versatile, and free plugin for lush and unique chorus effects is the Acorn Digital Multiply free VST plugin.

It applies a phase randomizing filter to each simulated voice, resulting in a distinct effect that producers can refine through modulation options.

Additional fine-tuning can be performed using the integrated equalizer, along with a selection of filters and integrated pre-delay.

Delivering crystal clear audio and with plenty of scope for creative effects, Acorn Digital Multiply is an all-around solid chorus plugin.

 

21. Tritik Krush (Free Bitcrusher Plugin)

While some producers aim for polish, others prefer a grittier, lo-fi approach to production through bitcrusher plugins.

The Tritik Krush plugin utilizes crushing and downsampling algorithms to generate a variety of sound palettes and effects.

This delivers an impressive range of options for all types of music producers, whether creating dancefloor tracks or rock.

Whether creating crunchy modulation or strange digital distortion, Krush is an essential addition to digital audio workstations.

 

20. Full Bucket Phaser (Free Phaser Plugin)

Phaser plugins are ideal for creating a sense of spatial presence through sweeping and swirling phase modulation.

The Full Bucket Phaser can be applied to synths, guitars, and other instruments to develop a classic analog phase sound.

It features a resizable user interface to streamline integration into digital audio workstations, and supports Windows and macOS.

With phaser options in four or eight stages and LFO modulation options, it’s a versatile free version of classic hardware.

 

19. Solider Sound S Pulser (Free Tremolo Plugin)

Another highly recommended plugin with numerous applications is Soldier Sound’s S Pulser tremolo effect plugin.

Producers can use the tremolo effect to generate a range of rhythmic melodies and enhance the ambiance of a track’s reverb.

Experimentation will result in unique sounds and effects, which are as at home in a film score as in other music genres.

It’s approachable for newcomers to production without compromising depth for more experienced producers.

Use it to transform chord progressions and specific frequencies, and apply side-chain ducking for added clarity.

 

18. Polyverse Filtron (Free Modulated Filter Plugin)

The application of modulated filters is present in the most popular music genres, smoothing transitions between frequency ranges.

Producers can replicate the standards of professionals with the Polyverse Filtron plugin, a 12 dB state-variable filter packed with features.

It can be applied to various sounds, including synths, guitars, basslines, pianos, and drum sounds, with side-chain signal modulation.

Thanks to its internal saturator, it delivers pleasingly warm and soft sounds matched with a powerful output overdrive.

 

17. Valhalla Supermassive (Free Reverb & Delay Plugin)

One of the most impressive free VST plugins for adding effects to music is Valhalla Supermassive, which is used for reverb and delay.

Designed from the ground up to deliver lush reverb and a true sense of presence, it comes with 21 reverb and delay modes.

Standout settings include Cassiopeia, which exhibits a rising echo intensity, and Virgo, which produces rich, complex echoes.

Additional features, including warping, feedback, and EQ cutting, further enhance its flexibility and appeal for producers.

 

Best Free Plugins For Mixing & Mastering

With many producers failing at mixing and mastering, it’s clear that more attention needs to be paid to these processes.

Utilizing these free plugins for mixing and mastering will help you enhance your tracks, making them ready for streaming platforms.

 

16. Caelum Audio Tape Cassette 2 (Free Cassette Tape Emulation Plugin)

There is a tendency for modern music production to sound overproduced, with little distinction between releases.

The Caelum Audio Tape Cassette 2 plugin rectifies this by providing warmth and character that digital production often lacks.

Shaping the modulation of tracks brings richness, authentically recreating the characteristics of Type 1 Cassette Tape.

Easy to use but with plenty of scope for subtleties in audio quality, the plugin suits a broad range of music genres.

It’s an excellent plugin to make your music sound authentic, and a must for fans of vintage production techniques.

 

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15. QRange Linear Phase Equalizer (Free Equalizer Plugin)

Technological advancements have significantly impacted key moments in production history, transforming the way music is created.

The QRange Linear Phase Equalizer embodies innovation with its 12-band linear-phase equalizer, designed for refined mixing.

Featuring a straightforward, customizable user interface and spectrum analyzer, it displays critical data for all frequency spectrums.

There are powerful tools for processing multiple recordings of the same source, such as drums recorded with several microphones.

This ensures phasing issues between parallel audio tracks are kept out of the mix for professional-sounding results.

 

14. Voxengo SPAN (Free Spectrum Analyzer Plugin)

Frequency spectrum analyzers are potent tools for mixing and mastering, with impressive versatility.

The Voxengo SPAN offers extensive tools for FFT frequency spectrum analysis, with multiple meter modes for musicians.

Fine-tune your music with multi-channel analysis, and display different channels and groups simultaneously.

It even includes a 7.1, 5.1 surround sound spectrum analyzer for composers working on movie soundtracks.

If you’ve attended a music production school, Voxengo SPAN is an opportunity to apply your professional knowledge.

 

13. Youlean Loudness Meter (Free Loudness Meter Plugin)

Complementing the spectrum analyzer is the Youlean Loudness Meter plugin, available in both free and pro versions.

Functional in all DAWs, this plugin is designed for professional use to ensure loudness levels are aligned with broadcast standards.

It’s also excellent for musicians hoping to submit music to radio stations and deliver the quality broadcasters expect.

The Youlean Loudness Meter even includes settings for popular streaming platforms, such as Spotify, Apple Music, and TIDAL.

It’s a solid all-around performer for all production styles, particularly if you’re hoping to launch a professional career.

 

12. Audio Damage Rough Rider 3 (Free Compressor Plugin)

Mastering the art of audio compression is a challenge that all producers face when mixing and mastering their tracks.

The Rough Rider 3 plugin is one of the most popular dynamics processors available, producing beautifully balanced results.

It’s straightforward to use on Mac and Windows hardware, with highly accurate metering and sidechain capabilities.

Use it on individual tracks, or apply it to groups or the entire mix when fine-tuning music ready for release.

Audio Damage continues to enhance the plugin through regular updates, making it a compelling long-term investment for producers.

 

11. Xfer Records OTT (Free Multiband Compressor Plugin)

If you’re looking for a highly proficient multiband compressor plugin, Xfer Records OTT is among the best free VSTs available.

The plugin provides a comprehensive approach to multiband compression, processing signals across low, mid, and high frequencies.

With upwards and downwards compression to boost quiet parts and reduce loud parts, it’s ideal for a consistently punchy sound.

Various parameters enable fine-tuning of depth control and overall compression level for a range of effects.

Everything is presented via a neat visual display, making fine-tuning the compression settings intuitive and engaging.

 

Recommended reading: Discover how to get signed to a record label.

 

10. Yohng W1 Limiter (Free Limiter Plugin)

An excellent plugin that complements the multiband compressor detailed above is the Yohng W1 Limiter plugin.

Developed through the reverse engineering of Waves L1’s hardware, this plugin is an essential tool for creating accomplished music.

It provides a simplified release curve that extends beyond the standard RT60 metric, allowing for plenty of scope in the mix.

The result is a smooth and capable approach to limiting that refines mixes and is equally at home for mastering tasks.

It’s used by successful independent artists on various songs in conjunction with digital audio workstations on Windows and Mac.

 

9. TDR Nova (Free Dynamic Equaliser Plugin)

The TDR Nova parallel dynamic equalizer has an outstanding reputation among producers when mixing and mastering tracks.

It’s one of the most powerful tools you can pick up for free, with equalization covering the following categories:

  • Dynamic equalization
  • Parametric equalization
  • Frequency-selective compression
  • Multi-band compression
  • Wideband compression

Using the drag-and-drop display, these parameters can be quickly altered to enhance and refine the audio source.

This allows for an impressively diverse range of applications, addressing a lack of density in the mix or boosting drums.

There are also low-pass and high-pass filters and equal loudness functions to help users figure out the optimal settings.

If you’re unable to afford the FabFilter Pro-Q 4, this free alternative will satisfy your dynamic equalization requirements.

 

Best Free Instrument Plugins

Integrating the MIDI protocol into your production pipeline provides access to a vast selection of virtual instruments.

These free VST plugins encompass a diverse range of synthesizers, pianos, guitars, and drum sounds, ready for your productions.

 

8. Spitfire Symphony Orchestra Discover (Free Orchestral Instruments Plugin)

Producers seeking plugins to create classically inspired music often face exorbitant prices for professional bundles.

The Spitfire Symphony Orchestra Discover plugin is a completely free alternative that comes with 34 instruments to explore.

Providing a whole orchestra experience, this approachable plugin is suitable for both amateurs and professionals.

The instruments are impressively versatile and feature high-quality audio, allowing them to shine in productions.

Whether you’re an expert in music theory or just starting out, the intuitive controls and sampling depth are a pleasure to use.

 

7. Vital Audio (Free Wavetable Synth Plugin)

Synthesis techniques are the bedrock of many genres, and the wavetable synth plugin from Vital Audio delivers impressive options.

You can use it to transform samples into wavetables with the pitch-splice and vocode wavetable converters.

Filter responses, smooth LFOs, oscilloscopes, and spectograms are also available for a visually rich user experience.

The result is an impressively nuanced level of permutations that can be used in various genres to bring character to productions.

Use it to manipulate all types of chords and samples, with a responsive drag-and-drop workflow for quick results.

With plenty of scope for experimentation that enhances its longevity, the Vital Audio wavetable synth delivers impressive results.

 

6. UnAbleton BP-909 (Free Drum Machine Plugin)

There are many excellent free VST plugins for drums, but one of the best options is the UnAbleton BP-909 plugin.

Compatible with Windows, it utilizes sample-based 909 sounds and features an interface that resembles its source, the classic TR-909 drum machine.

There’s a wealth of punchy presets for drums, snares, toms, and cymbals, along with sample parameter controls for decay and attack.

This makes it suitable for all music producers, whether generating loops for techno or laying down beats for hip-hop tracks.

It also features WAV sample files that can be used directly in dedicated hardware samplers or in digital audio workstations.

 

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5. Ample Guitar M Lite (Free Guitar Plugin)

If you’re a singer-songwriter or in a band, the best guitar plugins can help you develop a unique and rich sound for your tracks.

The free Ample Guitar M Lite plugin is a compelling option, bringing a Martin D-41 Acoustic Guitar sound to the studio.

With multiple libraries covering strumming, fingering, and picking, it’s suitable for a broad range of guitar-based music production.

There are also articulations for sustain, slide, popping, muting, and more, with a selection of modular effects available.

If you’re an experienced guitarist, you can introduce a strummer and tab reader to help with reading sheet music on productions.

This gives it near-endless scope for applications in various song structures and genres, to suit all guitar styles.

 

4. Digital Suburban Dexed (Free FM Synth Plugin)

Frequency modulation synthesis, also called FM synthesis, is another common technique with broad applications in music production.

The free FM synth plugin, Dexed, from Digital Suburban, is modeled on one of the most iconic synthesizers of all time, Yamaha’s DX7.

The DX7’s role in popular music is hard to overstate, as it played a pivotal part in the distinctive sounds that emerged in the 1980s.

Dexed remains faithful to its source of inspiration, with a powerful sound engine and a host of automatable parameters.

The selection of parameter controls allows for deep and meticulous soundscapes that offer uncompromising scope.

Whether you’re seeking retro-inspired virtual synths or looking for flexibility, this plugin will be a welcome addition to your setup.

 

3. 99Sounds Upright Piano (Free Piano Plugin)

Producers seeking more naturalistic virtual instruments often include a piano VST in their roster of plugins.

The Upright Piano by 99Sounds takes a selection of piano sample recordings from Rudi Fiasco as the foundation for the plugin.

There are four sampled notes per octave combined with six dynamic layers for each note, providing a fun compositional tool.

The interface allows for editing of attack and release times, along with tremolo intensity and speed, and a global volume.

Sound quality is excellent, whether you’re using it for composition or recording melodies in a digital audio workstation.

 

2. Decomposer Sitala (Free Drum Sampler Instrument Plugin)

Moving away from the TR-909-inspired drum machine plugin to something more versatile with Sitala by Decomposer.

This robust drum sampler functions as both a standalone application and a DAW plugin, offering a wide range of percussion options.

Users can load and manipulate drums and other percussion, altering the sample’s shape, tone, compression, and panning.

Everything is managed through a drag-and-drop user interface, which streamlines sample organization.

There’s also full MIDI support for triggering hits and patterns on a performance pad or MIDI keyboard and finding a groove.

With up to eighteen assignable pads and beat slicing features, it’s a highly customizable plugin for arranging drums.

 

1. Surge XT (Free Hybrid Synth Plugin)

One of the most user-friendly and versatile free VST plugins for synthesizers is Surge XT, a hybrid open-source synth.

Surge XT offers a comprehensive range of synthesis techniques, complemented by high-quality filters and a robust modulation engine.

Use it to emulate your favorite German synthesizers, apply creative effects through the three oscillators, and much more.

It comes with hundreds of patches and wavetables to use as a starting point, with highly configurable filter units.

There’s also an effects units section that covers all bases, covering distortion, mangling, time manipulation, and multieffects.

The result is an all-around performer for creating expressive and vibrant melodies and chords in all types of music.

 

Expand Your Global Reach With PromoHype

Once you’ve made the most out of your free plugins, you’ll want to share your tracks with the broadest possible audience.

This means distributing and promoting your music across the major streaming platforms, including Spotify, TIDAL, and Apple Music.

By becoming a Promo Hype member, you can access the following features to drive your music career:

  • Global music distribution and promotion: Promo Hype members can manage music distribution across all major streaming platforms. The artist Dashboard also provides comprehensive marketing tools to help promote music where it counts.
  • Powerful analytics for a range of metrics: Independent artists looking to boost their careers can use Promo Hype’s analytics tools. Use them to understand your audience’s behavior and which streaming platforms you’re dominating.
  • Networking and feedback from the artist’s Community: Promo Hype is all about community, with a dedicated hub for independent artists to share ideas and collaborate. If you’re struggling with using plugins, the community is there to help.

With a unified dashboard providing complete control, Promo Hype is essential for building a global audience of fans.

 

Summary

Producing music requires painstaking fine-tuning of multiple elements, from arrangements with virtual instruments to manipulation effects.

The free VST plugins in this guide serve as an excellent starting point for building a robust music production workflow.

As your skills improve, you can add free plugin bundles to expand your repertoire of music production processes.

Audio Compression 101: What It Is & How to Use It In 2025

Controlling dynamic range is crucial in music production, enabling the creation of tracks that sound professional and polished.

Using audio compression is essential for creating a sense of balance between the various elements of a song.

This guide explores the concept and application of audio compression, from dynamic smoothing to advanced sidechain compression.

 

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What Is Audio Compression?

Audio compression controls the dynamic range by reducing the level of sounds above a specified threshold level.

A fundamental aspect of making music, audio compression balances the difference between loud and quiet moments in a mix.

Sound engineers use it to smooth out instruments, vocals, drums, and other elements, on individual tracks and the entire mix.

This can include adding punch to a snare drum, or paring back the peaks of vocals to prevent them from swamping the mix.

Various parameters are used, including establishing a threshold level, adjusting the compression ratio, and altering the attack and release times.

These are combined with other mixing techniques, such as equalization and effects, that further refine the audio.

While reports suggest compressed music may be harmful to the ears, audio compression remains essential for music producers.

By avoiding over-compression, the technique can be confidently applied to a range of sounds with exceptional results.

 

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Why Is Audio Compression Important?

We’ve discussed the pivotal role of audio compression in controlling dynamic range and enhancing clarity and consistency.

It’s a vital production process used by successful independent artists to mix and master consistently excellent songs.

Here are some other important reasons why you should include compression in your production workflow:

  • Introducing punch to aggressive songs: Using compression for percussion, drums, and other heavy sounds is essential for adding control and punchiness.
  • Amplifying warmth and character: Compressor transitions can also enhance a song’s smoothness and warmth, particularly in genres with a laid-back feel.
  • Enhancing a track’s perceived loudness: By taming audio peaks and boosting other elements, compression enhances the perception of loudness.
  • Boosting vocal clarity: Compression also enhances vocals, creating a consistent volume level and controlling sharp or aggressive transients.

When applying the technique, take the time to see how the compression sounds on a range of devices and platforms.

Some producers have criticized platforms like Soundcloud for destroying transients through their internal compression algorithms.

By testing your audio file across devices and websites, you can refine your compression strategy accordingly.

 

The 4 Main Types Of Compressors

Before exploring the applications of compression, it’s essential to understand the various types of audio compressors.

Each type impacts what a music producer does to alter the input signal and achieve a well-balanced sound.

Here’s an overview of the main types of compressors and how producers capitalize on their strengths:

 

VCA Compressors

Voltage-Controlled Amplifier (VCA) compressors utilize voltage to reduce the gain of the audio signal once it exceeds the threshold level.

With rapid attack and release times, VCA compressors are ideal for compressing drums and other punchy percussive instruments.

In addition to drums, VCA compressors are often integral to bus compressors, providing a glue that holds sounds together.

 

FET Compressors

Field Effect Transistor (FET) compressors utilize transistor circuits to manage gain reduction while adding character and warmth.

Applied to individual tracks or on buses, they’re versatile compressors for rich-sounding drums, vocals, and guitars.

FET compressors are commonly used in dynamic and aggressive genres, such as hip-hop, rock, and metal.

 

Vari-Mu Compressors

Vari-Mu tube compressors have been used in music production for decades, delivering a unique coloration to sounds.

The distinctive tube sound is often characterized as “vintage,” thanks to its smooth musicality and cohesive qualities.

Traditional Vari-Mu hardware compressors are also used for mastering, squashing dynamic range without compromising details.

 

Optical Compressors

Another type that adds warmth and character is optical compressors, which allow for more subtle adjustments.

Used in jazz, blues, and folk productions, optical compressors enhance the natural nuances of vocal performances.

They also deliver a mid-forward presence to lead and rhythm guitars, elevating subtle details without compromising clarity.

 

Understanding Compression Parameters

Whether submitting music to a radio station or sharing online, you must apply compression to ensure professional results.

Let’s examine the core compression parameters you need to know and how each interacts with the others.

 

Threshold

The threshold level in audio compressors is the loudness at which the downward compression effect is initiated.

This is set via the decibel (dB) control, allowing any audio signal below this threshold to remain unaffected by compression.

Threshold levels can target specific sounds, such as the kick drum or snare, or be applied across the entire mix.

 

Compression Ratio

The compression ratio refers to the amount of compression applied once the signal exceeds the threshold level.

Different compression ratios are available with various compressors, ranging from 1:1 (no attenuation) to 20:1 (infinity).

A medium ratio of 2:1 is ideal for subtle compression that preserves dynamic range, while 10:1 works well for aggressive sounds.

 

Attack Time

Attack time in compression refers to the time taken for the signal to be entirely compressed once the threshold has been exceeded.

Represented in milliseconds, attack times can impact the transient, the short, high-amplitude spike at the beginning of a sound.

While fast attack times will reduce this initial spike, a slow attack will preserve the transient with a punchier impact.

 

Release Time

The release time in compression functions to control how long it takes for the audio signal to revert to its uncompressed state.

Typically much longer in duration than attack times, they range from 40 milliseconds to over two seconds.

Producers avoid long release times, as this can create a “breathing” effect that is characteristic of excessive compression.

 

Knee

If you want signals to respond before the threshold initiates, you can use the knee to apply the compressor gradually.

A soft knee will initiate the compression smoothly as the threshold is approached, ensuring a transparent and gentle transition.

In contrast, a hard knee is best suited for fast compression, with the audio source fully compressed for a tighter sound.

 

Make-Up Gain

The make-up gain, also known as output gain, is used to compensate for the attenuation performed by the compressor.

This is often controlled via the gain reduction setting, through which the total attenuation in decibels can be corrected.

Using make-up gain involves balancing the compressed and uncompressed signals and comparing them in bypass mode.

By doing so, producers ensure that the gain application matches the overall output signal of the entire mix.

 

Not all compressors allow for control over specific parameters, while others include additional tools for advanced techniques.

Verify which parameters can be altered in a given compressor before incorporating it into your production workflow.

 

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How To Use Audio Compression In 2025

Learning how to write a song and blend lyrics and arrangements is one element of the overall music production process.

Here are some audio compression methods you can use to make your songs sound like professional productions.

 

1: Applying Dynamic Smoothing

The most straightforward application of compression is dynamic smoothing, which balances the quieter and louder song elements.

It’s easy to perform adjustments in music production software, including those for threshold, attack, release, and ratio.

Establish a short attack and release time, such as 1ms and 50ms, then adjust the threshold until gain reduction reacts to loud moments.

You can then adjust the ratio to implement gain reduction for the desired effect, before fine-tuning the attack and release.

 

2. Creating Punch & Enhancing Presence

The process of enhancing punch through compression is known as transient shaping, which refers to the sound wave’s initial spike.

Common in popular music genres, it uses a slow attack time to allow the transient to kick in before the compression.

An attack time of 20 to 50ms is a great starting point, followed by medium release controls, depending on the song’s tempo.

You can adjust the attack while looping the transient audio file, such as a kick drum, until the desired punch is achieved.

 

3. Applying Compression To Vocals

Vocal dynamics contain a song’s emotional power and energy, and compression can tame peaks and deliver consistency.

For light compression, aim for a ratio of 2:1 or 3, increasing to 4 for more control, with a gain reduction in the 3 to 6dB range.

Some producers use two compressors for vocals, assigning the first to catch peaks and the second to enhance color and character.

You can also level vocals by applying clip gain before compression, evening out the quiet and loud parts of the same signal.

 

4. Using Compression To Crush Room Mics

Just as compression can be used to retain transients, it can also be used to remove unwanted transient information.

One example of this technique is applying significant compression to the signal from microphones to create more ambience.

This reduces loud transients from drums and vocals, without sacrificing the longer reverberation from the mix.

 

Recommended reading: What Is MIDI? Everything You Need To Know About MIDI

 

5. Coloring Sounds With Compression

The use of compression to color sounds is as much about the compressor used as it is about how it’s applied.

Compressors like the Purple MC77 are known for delivering brightness and color that adds warmth and density to the production.

Alternatively, FET compressors, such as the UREI 1176, are better suited for aggressive colorations in rock and electronic dance music.

The approach to coloring sounds depends on the song’s structure and instrumentation, and can be enhanced through parallel compression.

 

6. Using Compression To Glue Instruments

Songs are composed of many elements, including various types of chords and melodies, vocals, drums, and effects.

Applying a multiband compressor for mixing and mastering enables producers to blend multiple instruments into a cohesive whole.

Used on drum and vocal buses, it applies compression consistently to create a sense of unity between the elements.

The process also applies to stereo buses and master tracks, with subtle attack and release to avoid sounding flat or over-compressed.

 

7. Preventing Clipping & Overloading

Clipping and distortion are clear signs of amateurish music production that can be easily rectified through simple processes.

While producers typically use limiters to avoid clipping, overloading, and distortion, compression can also help in this regard.

It can establish a “brick wall” over which audio signals can’t pass, controlling high peaks and attenuating the output gain.

By leaving headroom below the 0dB point, producers can effectively manage dynamic range without audio clipping or overloading.

 

8. Using Sidechain, Serial & Parallel Compression

Advanced applications of compression, often taught in music production schools, are sidechain, serials, and parallel compression.

Sidechain compression enables one track’s compression to be triggered by another, making it suitable for use on guitars, drums, and vocals.

Serial compression enables the simultaneous use of multiple compressors, allowing for the management of various dynamic qualities.

Lastly, parallel compression blends the compressed signal with the original uncompressed signal to fine-tune transients.

 

Promote & Distribute Your Music With PromoHype

Producing tracks that sound amazing is the first step toward building a successful independent music career.

With Promo Hype, artists can distribute and promote music to an international audience of like-minded fans.

Becoming a Promo Hype member provides access to:

  • Comprehensive cross-platform distribution: Music fans use a range of streaming services to discover new content they love. Promo Hype’s distribution services cover Spotify, TIDAL, Apple Music, and other leading platforms.
  • In-depth marketing tools through the Promotional Toolkit: Whether you’re releasing a new song or promoting a gig, managing promotional campaigns is essential. Promo Hype’s Promotional Toolkit covers everything you need to maximize your budget.
  • Robust performance metrics and analytics: With Promo Hype’s artist Dashboard, members can assess where their music is getting the most attention.

With a lively community of independent artists to share insights and ideas, Promo Hype covers everything independent artists need.

 

Summary

Audio compressors are a staple feature of professional recording studios, used by successful artists to define their signature sound.

Applying the audio compression processes from this article creates rich and vivid music that sounds great on all systems.

As your confidence improves, you can apply advanced compression techniques to mix and master tracks like a pro.

How To Read Sheet Music: The Ultimate Step-By-Step Guide

Learning how to read sheet music opens up a magical world where strange symbols transform into beautiful sounds. Sheet music is like a map that guides you through a song, showing what notes to play, when, and how they should sound.

Just like learning to read books gives you access to countless stories, mastering sheet music gives you access to centuries of musical compositions.

Follow our guide and you’ll soon pick up any piece of music and bring it to life through your voice or instrument.

 

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What Is Sheet Music?

Sheet music is the universal language for writing down musical ideas using symbols on paper instead of words. This music notation system has evolved over centuries to become a standardized way for musicians to communicate their compositions.

When you look at sheet music, you see a visual representation of sounds arranged in time. Those little dots, bar lines, and symbols tell you precisely what to play.

Sheet music involves you reading notes, how long to hold them, how loud or soft they should be, and much more. Unlike learning a language, where you memorize thousands of words, musical notation uses a handful of basic symbols.

Once you understand these fundamental elements, you’ll have the key to unlocking virtually any piece of written music.

 

Why Learn To Read Music?

Learning how to read sheet music gives you independence as a musician, allowing you to teach yourself your favorite songs without relying on someone showing you. You can explore centuries of musical compositions on your terms and at your own pace.

The ability to read sheet music means instantly communicating with other musicians worldwide through this universal notation language. A pianist in Tokyo can play the same Mozart sonata as someone in New York because they both understand the same written language of music.

Reading music also enhances cognitive abilities, improving memory, pattern recognition, and multitasking skills. Musicians who read sheet music often develop stronger connections between their brains’ visual, auditory, and motor centers.

If you want to learn how to write a song, you’ll find that the ability to read sheet music comes into its own. If you’re already familiar with chord charts, it’s time to learn how to read sheet music.

 

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Key Elements Of Sheet Music

Sheet music contains various elements that tell exactly how a piece should sound. Understanding these components is like learning the alphabet before reading words.

The staff, clefs, notes, and other markings create a comprehensive system that communicates pitch, rhythm, dynamics, and expression. Each symbol serves a specific purpose in guiding your performance.

Music theory becomes much clearer when you see it written down, helping you understand the patterns and structures that make music work. This knowledge enables you to become a better performer, songwriter, or composer who can express their musical ideas on paper for others to play.

Here we break down these essential elements so you can start decoding this beautiful musical language. The more familiar you become with these building blocks, the more fluent you’ll become in reading and interpreting music.

 

The Staff

The staff is the foundation of sheet music. It consists of five bar lines and four spaces that create a framework where notes are placed. Each line and space represents a different note in the musical alphabet, from A to G.

The position of a note on the staff also determines its pitch. Just like a ladder, sheet music notes placed higher on the staff represent higher pitches, while notes placed lower represent lower pitches.

For notes extending beyond the five-line staff, use small ledger lines to expand the staff upward or downward temporarily. These short horizontal lines allow songwriters to write very high or very low notes that wouldn’t fit on the standard staff.

 

The Clefs

Clefs are special musical symbols placed at the beginning of the staff that tell you which sheet music notes correspond to which lines and spaces. The two most common clefs are the treble clef (also called the G clef) and the bass clef (also called the F clef).

The treble clef curls around the G line (the second line from the bottom), indicating that this line represents the note G. This clef is typically used for higher-pitched musical instruments and the right hand in piano music.

The bass clef has two dots surrounding the F line (the second line from the top), representing the note F. This clef is used for lower-pitched instruments and the left hand in piano playing.

 

The Grand Staff

The grand staff combines the treble and bass clefs, connected by a vertical line on the left side. It is primarily used for piano music and vocal scores, allowing composers to write music that spans a wide range of pitches.

The grand staff creates a complete picture of the keyboard, with middle C appearing on a middle line between the two staves. This arrangement makes it easier to play musical pieces simultaneously with both hands on the piano.

When reading piano sheet music on a grand staff, the right hand plays the notes in the treble clef (top staff), while the left hand plays the notes in the bass clef (bottom staff). This layout mirrors how you play the piano—higher notes with your right hand, lower notes with your left, making the music easier to follow.

 

Note Placement

The placement of notes on the staff determines their pitch, whether they sound high or low. Notes can sit either on a line or in a space between bar lines, with each position representing a specific note name (A through G).

You can use memory devices (called mnemonics) to identify note names.

Treble clef:

  • Spaces from bottom to top spell the word “FACE,” (F, A, C, E)
  • Lines from bottom to top can be remembered with the phrase “Every Good Boy Does Fine” (E, G, B, D, F).

Bass clef:

  • Spaces from bottom to top spell “All Cows Eat Grass” (A, C, E, G)
  • Lines can be remembered with “Good Boys Do Fine Always” (G, B, D, F, A).

 

Note Values

Note values tell you how long to hold each note, which is essential for creating rhythm in music. The shape of a note head, along with its stem and flags, indicates its duration relative to other notes.

  • A whole note (an empty oval with no stem) receives four beats in common time, making it the longest standard note value.
  • A half note (empty oval with a stem) gets two beats.
  • A quarter note (filled-in oval with a stem) receives one beat.

Add flags to the stems for shorter durations, creating eighth notes (one flag, half a beat) and sixteenth notes (two flags, quarter of a beat). Understanding how many beats each note receives is crucial for maintaining the correct timing when learning to make music.

You can further modify note values with dots and ties. A dot after a note increases its duration by half its original value, while a tie (a curved line connecting two notes of the same pitch) combines their durations into one sustained sound.

 

Read more: See how music production software can help shape your sound.

 

Rests

Rests indicate periods of silence in music, and they’re just as important as the notes themselves. Like notes, rests have different values that tell you how long the silence should last.

  • A whole rest (looks like a top hat hanging from the fourth line) indicates four beats of silence.
  • A half rest (looks like a top hat on the third line) signifies two beats of silence.

These visual differences help musicians quickly distinguish between different rest values.

Quarter, eighth, and sixteenth rests have distinct symbols corresponding to their note value counterparts. Properly observing rests creates the breathing spaces in music essential for phrasing and expression.

If you want to know how to make music, build anticipation, and allow listeners to absorb what they’ve just heard, you need to use rests. Great musicians understand that rests aren’t just empty spaces; they’re active, intentional moments that shape the emotional impact of a piece.

 

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How To Read Sheet Music: Step-By-Step

Learning to read sheet music is like learning any new language—it’s best approached step-by-step, gradually building your knowledge. This methodical approach helps prevent overwhelm and builds confidence as you master each component.

The process involves understanding the fundamental elements we’ve discussed and learning to apply them when reading actual music. It takes practice, but what initially seems complex will eventually become second nature.

Reading sheet music is one key to understanding song structure. Let’s break down this learning process into seven manageable steps.

 

Step 1: Learn The Basic Music Notes

Start by memorizing the note names on the treble and bass clefs using the memory devices mentioned earlier. Practice identifying note names by drawing an empty staff and labeling each line and space with its corresponding note name.

This visual association helps reinforce the relationship between staff positions and note names. Once you’re comfortable with the introductory music notes, expand to notes on ledger lines above and below the staff.

Pay special attention to middle C. This crucial note acts as the bridge between the two clefs and sits on the first ledger line below the treble clef or the first ledger line above the bass clef.

Flashcards with notes written on them can help you test your recognition speed. You can also try online music theory games to make learning notes fun and interactive.

 

Step 2: Understand Rhythmic Notation

Learn to recognize note values and their corresponding rests. This skill is essential for popular music genres, from pop and rock to jazz and hip hop, where rhythm drives a song’s energy.

Start with whole, half, and quarter notes, which form the foundation of rhythmic understanding. Practice counting beats by tapping a steady pulse and saying the counts out loud as you point to different notes on a simple piece of music.

For example:

  • Count “1-2-3-4” for a whole note
  • Count “1-2” for a half note
  • Count “1” for a quarter note

Gradually introduce eighth and sixteenth notes as you become comfortable with basic rhythms. Practice clapping or tapping complex rhythmic patterns to develop a physical sense of how these values relate.

Try converting simple songs or rhythms you already know by ear into written notation. This exercise helps bridge the gap between what you hear and see, strengthening your understanding of how rhythm is visually represented.

 

Step 3: Learn How To Read Time And Key Signatures

Learn how to read time signature; the two numbers at the beginning of a piece that look like a fraction. The top number tells you how many beats are in each measure, while the bottom number tells you what type of note gets one beat.

Start with common time signatures, such as 4/4 (four-quarter notes per measure) and 3/4 (three-quarter notes per measure).

Here are some examples:

In 4/4 time:

  • There are 4 beats per bar
  • Each beat is a quarter note long
  • It’s often called “common time”

In 3/4 time:

  • There are 3 beats per bar
  • Each beat is a quarter note
  • Think waltzes—1-2-3, 1-2-3

A written key signature tells you two things about a piece of music:

  1. The key determines the piece’s tonal centre (or home note), such as C major or E minor.
  2. Identifies which notes are sharp or flat. For example, if the key signature has one sharp (F♯), it tells you that every F in the piece should be played as F♯ unless otherwise indicated.

A circle of fifths diagram can help you visualize the relationships between different key signatures.

 

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Step 4: Start Reading Simple Pieces

Begin with simple pieces that stay within a limited range of notes and use basic rhythms. Children’s songs, folk tunes, and beginner method books offer excellent starting material for developing reading skills.

Practice reading and playing short musical phrases, focusing on getting the notes right and then adding the correct rhythm. Resist the urge to memorize the music; the goal is to develop the ability to read and play simultaneously.

Gradually increase the complexity of the pieces you attempt as your confidence grows. Consider using a metronome set at a slow tempo to help maintain steady timing while you read, gradually increasing the speed as you become more proficient.

Recording yourself playing or singing can provide valuable feedback on your progress. Listen critically to identify rhythmic inconsistencies or hear errors you might not notice while performing.

 

Step 5: Understand Dynamic Markings

Beyond notes and rhythms, sheet music contains various markings that indicate how to play with expression. These include dynamic markings (how loud or soft), articulation symbols, and tempo indications.

Familiarize yourself with standard Italian terms used in music, such as “forte” (loud), “piano” (soft), “allegro” (fast), and “adagio” (slow). Those little dots, curves, and symbols scattered throughout the music aren’t just decoration. They’re the composer telling you to give specific notes personality.

A staccato dot says, “Keep me short and bouncy,” while a curved slur states, “Play us smoothly.”

Pay attention to performance directions that describe the emotional quality of the music, like “con brio” (with vigor) or “dolce” (sweetly). These subjective markings invite your interpretation while guiding you toward the composer’s intended emotional landscape.

 

Step 6: Practice Sight Reading Regularly

Dedicate time to sight reading, playing music you’ve never seen before, regularly. This skill develops your ability to process musical notation quickly and accurately.

You can start with material slightly below your current playing level so you can focus on reading fluently rather than struggling with technical challenges. Gradually increase the difficulty as your reading improves.

Consider joining a community band, orchestra, or choir where regular sight-reading is part of the experience. The supportive pressure of playing with others can accelerate your skills while making the learning process more enjoyable.

 

Step 7: Connect Theory With Practice

As your skills improve, dabble in music theory—scales, intervals, and chord building. It’s the grammar behind the musical language.

Soon, you’ll spot patterns everywhere, like recognizing familiar phrases in conversation. Your brain will group notes into musical “chunks” instead of reading one note at a time.

When you spot these patterns, you’ll read entire musical phrases at a glance instead of plodding through note by note. Try dissecting your practice pieces, hunting for key changes, and, if playing guitar, studying chord progressions and different types of chords.

 

Summary

Learning how to read sheet music transforms those mysterious symbols into a tool for musical expression and understanding. With consistent practice and patience, you’ll gradually develop the ability to translate written notation into beautiful music.

Remember that becoming fluent in reading music is a journey, not a destination. Even professional musicians continue to refine their sheet music skills throughout their careers.

As you continue developing your reading skills, you’ll discover how this universal language connects you to countless musicians and a rich legacy of musical creation that spans centuries and cultures.

How To Write A Song In 2025: A Beginner’s Guide To Songwriting

For most songwriters, the creative process combines emotional experience and inspiration that often comes unexpectedly.

Learning how to write a song takes this inspiration and refines it through composition with a recognizable structure.

This guide details the songwriting process, from an overview of song structures to writing lyrics and recording music.

 

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Key Takeaways

  • Understanding the principles of songwriting is essential for transforming creative ideas into a coherent song.
  • Different music genres adopt various approaches to songwriting, and researching these for your music refines the process.
  • Independent artists can save money by learning music theory through online tutorials that break down the concepts.
  • Collaborating with other artists is a popular way to develop new skills and create songs outside your comfort zone.
  • Several ways to monetize songwriting exist, from ghostwriting and tutorials to distributing original tracks online.

 

Find out how Promo Hype’s features help artists share and promote their songs.

 

What Is Songwriting?

Songwriting is making music through a combination of lyrics, melodies, chord progressions, and percussive elements.

The process involves developing song ideas, such as mood and genres, and applying these to a structure.

It covers composing the chorus and verse, shaping the composition through bridges, and engaging listeners with hooks.

While some songwriters work alone, popular songs often have many writing credits, drawing on the complementary skills of each collaborator.

 

Songwriting & Music Genres

Songwriting is the foundation of the most popular music genres, from mainstream pop music to hip-hop and other vocal-driven genres.

Here’s a brief overview of the principal genres that most songwriters typically work within:

  • Pop music: Writing a song for widespread consumption typically involves creating simple yet catchy melodies and lyrics that are easy to remember. This process is usually built around a standard song structure, such as alternative choruses and verses, with a strong hook and basic chord progressions.
  • Rock music: Popular rock songs often use the same core structure as pop music, but include more complex percussion arrangements, chord progressions, and faster melodies. The lyrics for rock songs are often more abrasive and aggressive, discussing more adult topics than their pop counterparts.
  • Hip-hop: Like rock music, hip-hop and rap lyrics are often more oriented toward adult listeners and cover darker themes. Hip-hop vocals frequently eschew standard melodic approaches, adopting a style akin to spoken word.
  • Electronic dance music: Although electronic music might lack the lyrical complexity of other genres, its basic song structure and writing approach share many similarities. Chorus, verse arrangements, and intros and outros are often used when structuring electronic dance music tracks.

Spend time listening to your favorite releases within your preferred genre and take notes on how different structural elements are employed.

 

Understanding Song Structure

Regardless of the genre you’re creating music within, the core principles of song structure remain largely the same.

Here’s a brief overview of the main structural elements used to compose music throughout the songwriting process:

  • Introduction: Also referred to as the Intro, this opening section of a song establishes the mood and style for the listener.
  • Verse: The verse of a song typically includes more variation in lyrics, with a different melody that leads into the chorus.
  • Chorus: The chorus melody differs from the verse melody and is repeated throughout the song, often featuring the song’s hook.
  • Bridge: A bridge is an element of a song’s structure that contrasts with the previous section to deliver a change of pace or serve as a transition.
  • Coda: Often referred to as the outro, the coda concludes the song form, fading out instruments and vocals or finishing with a musical flourish.

By breaking down the process of composing music into these structural elements, songwriters can focus their creative efforts where it counts.

 

Songwriting Tips To Streamline The Creative Process

Whether you’re entirely new to creating music or looking to refine your approach, there are many different approaches to writing songs.

These songwriting tips will help you write songs with a more effective workflow and further develop your skills:

  • Write from experience: As with all creative art forms, writing about personal experiences effectively ensures your music feels authentic and genuine. This idea can be anything from your love of nature to failed relationships, as long as you approach it honestly.
  • Take inspiration from other artists: Most songwriting inspiration comes from other art forms and musicians, so don’t be afraid to draw on these influences to get your creative juices flowing. For example, if there’s a particular song by Bob Dylan that speaks to you on a personal level, break down its lyrics and structure to better understand how great songs are composed.
  • Learn the basics of music theory: A foundation in music theory is essential for writing songs that follow compositional rules and sound great to hear. This process involves understanding the importance of time signatures, melodies, harmonies, and rhythm, all of which play a pivotal role when you write a song.
  • Carry a notebook: Song ideas often come out of the blue, so it’s a great idea to carry a notebook to jot down lyrics, musical phrases, and other ideas as they arise. You can then use these notes as a reference when arranging compositions on a piano or acoustic guitar back in your studio.
  • Record hooks and melodies: As with lyrics, melodies and chord progressions often come to mind when you least expect them. You can use your smartphone to quickly record these whenever they spring to mind while on the move.

If you’re considering mastering music production and songwriting, you can attend a music production school and learn from the pros.

 

How To Write A Song In 10 Steps

Newcomers to the songwriting process often struggle to translate their creative ideas into a clearly arranged song structure.

This 10-step guide to writing a song will prepare you to release your music on major streaming platforms.

 

Step 1: Decide On Your Song’s Topic

When you sit down to write a song, the first thing you should consider is the topic and how this will affect the tone and lyrics.

There are no restrictions on your song, but most songwriters write music about something they’re passionate about.

This idea can be anything from relationship experiences to your love of the natural world, provided it’s covered earnestly. If you struggle to choose a topic, listen to your favorite bands and songs and use this for inspiration.

Jotting down ideas can also help with the process, allowing you to brainstorm concepts and find one that speaks to you personally.

You don’t have to settle on an idea immediately; over time, this process will open the door to new flashes of inspiration.

While some ideas will fizzle out, the best concepts will evolve in your thought processes and become tangible songwriting material.

You can also use a songwriting prompt, which involves picking an emotion or memory and listing associated words and phrases.

These lyrical phrases can then be expanded on to make songwriting a fun and creative process and increase proficiency.

 

Step 2: Give The Song A Title

With a songwriting topic selected, the next step is to give it a title that captures the essence of its lyrical content.

Selecting a catchy title will help it stand out and increase your odds of going viral on TikTok and other platforms.

Drawing inspiration from popular songs will also give you ideas about how professional songwriters create compelling titles.

A great title also cements the tone and subject in your mind, allowing you to craft lyrics that truly resonate with your audience.

In this sense, the title serves as the destination the song aims to reach and the journey the lyrics create for the listener.

Another quality to aim for with a song title is a sense of curiosity, choosing words and phrases that intrigue the audience.

The title can evoke imagery and create a sense of mystery about the whole song by hinting at the story it explores.

Lastly, keeping it memorable and concise helps ensure your fans can find it on streaming platforms and share it with their friends.

 

Learn more: Discover how to get signed to a record label.

 

Step 3: Determine The Song Structure

The next step in songwriting is focused on choosing a structure, which informs how your lyrics correspond to various sections.

Most of the popular hit songs released today follow this structure:

  • Verse / Chorus / Verse / Chorus / Bridge / Chorus

This structure uses verses and bridges to build up to the chorus melody, where a song’s hook is usually written.

There are other popular structures that are suitable for a beginner songwriter, such as including a pre-chorus to introduce depth.

Other genres include intros and outros, which lead in and out of the main sections, as is common with electronic dance music.

Alternatively, hip-hop often doubles or triples the verses to enhance the storytelling nature of the music, with hooks between verses.

Your song structure also involves selecting the song’s root key, which informs the melodies and chord progressions when composing.

Knowing how to read sheet music can significantly improve the structure of a song, so it’s worth learning this skill to improve your process.

You can also research the songwriting process of popular acts to learn how they structure their hit songs.

Whatever structure you go for, aim for a sense of purpose and coherence, and choose one that will resonate with the listener.

 

Step 4: Write Your Groove & Hook

With your structure serving as a template for the composition, you’re ready to write the hook and establish a groove.

This step involves choosing a tempo and rhythm that underscore the song’s mood and energy level and match the subject.

Many songs sit within a tempo range of 80 to 120 beats per minute, but you can explore around this range depending on your genre.

The hook is one of the most important elements of songwriting to get right, as it is the most memorable element.

It can be composed as a short instrumental section or vocals, and is designed to be easily recalled by the listener.

A well-known example of a hook can be found in the song “She Loves You” by The Beatles, with the repetition of “Yeah, yeah, yeah.”

Many rock songs use the lead guitar for the hook, composing strong yet simple melodies that rise above the other song elements.

A killer hook has helped some of the most successful independent artists break into the mainstream, so take the time to experiment with the process.

 

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Step 5: Compose Chord Progressions

Combining different types of chords is another core element of writing a song that musicians must learn.

Chord progressions are the foundation of harmony in the Western musical tradition, and all great songs showcase their importance.

They help establish the music’s tonality and exist within a specific key, providing the foundation for melodies and rhythm.

If you’re writing your first song, you can use simple progressions between major and minor scales built around common chords.

You can also refer to the circle of fifths diagram to further understand how to switch to complementary keys within chord progressions.

Some genres simplify chord progressions by remaining within the same key-chord, which can also help newcomers start writing.

Likewise, alternating between two chords can help you learn the ropes of progressions while still writing a good song.

This element of composition has endless potential for everything from love songs to hard-hitting rock music.

Drawing on real-life events, you can compose heartbreakingly beautiful chord progressions that dig deep into the listener’s subconscious.

 

Step 6: Compose The Chorus Melody & Lyrics

Every great songwriter understands how melodies and lyrics combine to create a sense of poetry and deliver emotionally resonant music.

With your hook composed, you can expand on its melody and form the chorus within the overall song.

These three elements can be combined to enhance the song’s energy level, using simple yet effective chord progressions and melodies.

You don’t need an in-depth knowledge of music theory to write a great chorus melody, with plenty of pop songs for inspiration.

 

Step 7: Write The Verse Melody & Lyrics

A higher degree of complexity is usually adopted when writing the verse melody and lyrics than the chorus melody.

Verse melody and lyrics are where the song’s narrative elements unfold, with each subsequent verse expanding on a theme.

As with choruses, you can check out the songwriting approaches of famous musicians and adapt these to your style.

Each verse should also be written to lead smoothly into the chorus melody, and a pre-chorus can streamline this process.

 

Step 8: Create An Intro, Outro, & Bridges

Intros, outros, and bridges are smaller song sections that nevertheless play an important role in crafting coherent compositions.

While not essential, many songs use these to offer contrast and relief from the verses and choruses and deliver more variety.

Intros and outros are frequently used in pop music, making them radio-friendly and easier for DJs to blend through transitions.

Bridges, which have similar characteristics to hooks, are also used to add a peak emotional moment between verses and choruses.

Indeed, the expression “repetition with variety” is a fundamental concept that will help you compose songs that maintain interest.

You can organize your song’s structure by using the best music production software to compartmentalize the composition.

 

Step 9: Record A Demo

Once you’ve finished composing your song, it’s time to record it and work on the production aspects, including mixing and mastering.

Recording a demo is essential for understanding how the song comes together through vocals, percussion, and instruments.

It’s also vital for promoting your music and contacting record labels, radio stations, and online music distribution services.

If your budget permits, hire a professional recording studio and sound engineer to ensure polished results.

Alternatively, affordable microphones and free-to-use production software can deliver decent results without breaking the bank.

If your early recordings aren’t up to scratch, return to the studio and edit from multiple takes in your production software.

 

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Step 10: Listen Back & Gather Feedback

After recording your demo, the final step is to listen to it and share it with others to gather feedback and gain a fresh perspective.

This process will give you a clear idea of which elements work and what steps you can take to refine your songwriting workflow.

If you’re happy to share it online, you can upload the song to SoundCloud and Bandcamp and check out any comments.

Songwriters also use distribution and marketing services to optimize their Spotify, Amazon Music, TIDAL, and Apple Music releases.

Contacting professional musicians and writers in your social circles can provide valuable feedback and constructive criticism.

When you’re happy with the results, you can submit your music to radio stations, record labels, and other professional outlets.

 

How To Earn Money Writing Songs In 2025

Earning money as a songwriter can be challenging in the age of AI, but several options are available for monetizing your creative abilities.

Here are some examples of how you can earn money as a songwriter:

  • Provide ghostwriting and staff writing services: Many accomplished songwriters with a proven track record earn money through ghostwriting songs for other musicians. While you won’t receive a credit for your work, ghostwriting and staff writing services can be highly lucrative.
  • Promote original songs through distribution and promotion services: Independent artists can reach a broad global audience by using online distribution and promotion services. These services will help you distribute and promote your songs for a small fee across all major streaming platforms.
  • Supplement your songwriting with music production: The role of a music producer is closely related to songwriting. If this is a skill you have, consider using it as a source of income.
  • Live performances: A tried-and-tested method for earning money as a singer-songwriter is to generate revenue from tickets and merchandise sales at their live performances. You can host events with other musicians to increase your audience size by drawing on collective fan bases.
  • Offer songwriting lessons: If you’re an experienced songwriter confident in your abilities, offering songwriting lessons can supplement your income. You can advertise your services online or at local music venues where like-minded people regularly attend gigs.

There’s no limitation on which approach you take, and the advent of blockchain music is likely to alleviate many concerns around AI and music ownership.

 

Reach A Global Audience With Promo Hype

If you’re trying to attract record labels looking for artists or want to build a presence on streaming platforms, Promo Hype is here to help.

Becoming a Promo Hype member provides access to the following cutting-edge features for independent artists:

  • Distribute tracks across all major streaming platforms: Reaching the largest possible audience of music fans can be challenging for independent artists. Promo Hype uploads your tracks to Spotify, Amazon Music, YouTube, TIDAL, and other platforms for global access.
  • Promote new releases and live events to your fans: If you have an upcoming event or want to promote a new release, Promo Hype’s Promotional Toolkit can help. This ensures your marketing budget is focused on getting the best results.
  • Connect with independent artists in the Promo Hype Community: Promo Hype’s Community is designed to help members learn new skills and network. Here, you can share tips with like-minded artists about the songwriting process and much more.
  • Improve your marketing with in-depth analytics: Musicians often feel swamped by data, but Promo Hype’s Dashboard clarifies metrics. Discover where your biggest fans live and refine your plans for live dates.
  • Retain 100% royalties across all platforms: A major concern for independent artists is losing revenue, so Promo Hype ensures all your royalties are retained. Use our transparent tracker to see which platforms offer the most benefit.

With professional advice and world-class features, Promo Hype delivers essential tools to help you advance your music career.

 

Summary

Whatever your genre, learning how to create your own songs in a structured manner is essential for streamlining the creative process.

Following the steps outlined in this guide, you can transform inspirational ideas into beautiful lyrics and write a song that resonates with music lovers.

As you become more confident with the songwriting process, you can experiment with different structures in future arrangements.

How To Go Viral On TikTok In 2025

With over two billion users, TikTok videos can reach huge audiences, making it excellent for attracting new fans.

Learning how to go viral on TikTok requires understanding the platform’s algorithms and creating content that engages users.

This guide explores how to capitalize on your TikTok content, increase your video’s visibility, and reach your target audience.

 

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Key Takeaways

  • Learning how to go viral on TikTok requires understanding how the platform’s algorithms identify and boost content.
  • Regular, high-quality content is more likely to go viral when it incorporates trending and relevant hashtags and trending sounds.
  • Partnering with other creators and responding to feedback keeps your audience engaged through challenges and other features.
  • Viral videos on TikTok can lead to many monetization opportunities, from branding and sponsorships to selling merchandise.
  • You can increase your chances of going viral on TikTok by analyzing performance data and refining your own videos.

 

What Does Creating Viral Content on TikTok Mean?

Creating viral content on TikTok is when videos experience rapid growth in views, shares, and engagement through comments.

It occurs when video content resonates with a large audience, boosting visibility, particularly when shared by large channels.

No specific number of views qualifies TikTok videos as viral, but achieving 500,000 or more shortly after posting is a reliable benchmark.

Viral videos typically have broad appeal, rather than covering niche interests, and appeal to diverse viewers.

An example of a viral TikTok video is the song “Ordinary” by Alex Warren, which exploded after Lana Del Rey praised it.

That said, niche content still has viral potential, so artists should remain faithful to their style whenever possible.

While there’s no guaranteed formula for virality, artists with quality songwriting abilities have a higher chance of success.

A strong presence across other social media platforms also improves your chances of creating viral content on TikTok.

 

Increase your chances of virality with Promo Hype’s promotion service.

 

How Does TikTok’s Algorithm Work?

Gaining online exposure depends on how algorithms work, whether ranking on Google search results or creating viral videos.

While the algorithms for social media platforms may seem opaque at best, there are rules of thumb you can use to help.

TikTok is one of the key drivers of music discovery, with a high rate of sharing between users that drives the platform’s algorithms.

This engagement is what TikTok draws on when updating the algorithm, analyzing user signals such as comments, follows, and likes.

The analysis also includes additional information, including video titles, descriptions, hashtags, and captions.

Other factors that influence virality on TikTok include repeated views from individuals and the overall watch time.

When uploading video content to TikTok, these factors are used to assess the level of engagement your content has.

If your TikTok videos receive favorable responses from the community, the platform will promote them to a broader audience.

This can significantly improve your odds of gaining the attention of record labels looking for artists and other industry professionals.

 

Viral TikTok Videos: Key Factors To Consider

Before you begin creating videos for your TikTok account, consider these key factors to help you produce high-quality content.

Here’s a breakdown of these considerations in more detail:

  • Offer something of unique value: TikTok is swamped with thousands of new daily uploads, making capturing the audience’s attention challenging. Creating videos with unique value, such as tutorials and other informative content, will increase your chances of gaining views and followers.
  • Begin your video with a hook: Many viewers on TikTok and elsewhere fail to watch videos until the end before turning them off. This means opening with a catchy hook is essential for video retention, piquing viewer interest in the first few seconds.
  • Strive for authentic storytelling: TikTok’s grassroots-style content creation makes it optimal for authentic and meaningful content. Independent artists can use song structure to tell a captivating story that resonates with their target audience.
  • Publish posts at the optimal time: Another way to increase your chances of going viral on TikTok is to publish your posts at the optimal time of day. Early afternoons on weekdays often lead to higher engagement, while evenings get better results over the weekend.
  • Implement TikTok SEO optimization: As with other social media platforms, search engine optimization is critical for reaching a broader audience. This includes using relevant hashtags and keywords in descriptions, optimizing content titles, captions, and on-screen text.

These strategies will improve your content’s visibility on the platform by satisfying the algorithm’s expectations.

 

How To Go Viral On TikTok In 2025: Step-By-Step

Independent artists who make music frequently release TikTok videos to share their creative works and build an audience.

Here’s a complete breakdown exploring how to go viral on TikTok, from using trending hashtags to monitoring your TikTok analytics.

 

Step 1: Decide On Your Niche

Whether you’re new to TikTok or refining your channel, identifying your core niche is the first step toward virality.

A niche allows you to identify your core audience and community to create content that resonates with fans.

It can be around any subject you’re passionate about, from posting funny videos as a comedian to sharing original songs.

This topic can then be used to research your target audience preferences and craft engaging videos that speak to their interests.

If you’re sharing songs, this content can be supplemented with insightful videos about the music production software you use.

You can also identify niche hashtags and post videos that align with these trends through captivating original content.

 

Step 2: Follow The Latest Trends

While most social media platforms are built around trending content, TikTok trends are especially effective for virality.

Following trends in your chosen niche will help you to capitalize on hot topics and increase audience engagement.

Many successful independent artists use trends to push their channel and gain a spot in the For You section.

It’s important to note that following the latest trends doesn’t mean jumping on every popular bandwagon.

Many content creators chase clout, which might function as clickbait but doesn’t indicate genuine authenticity.

If your audience thinks your content is a cynical attempt to farm their views and reactions, they’ll soon turn elsewhere.

Ultimately, TikTok trends function as a litmus test that helps you gauge what’s popular and produce content accordingly.

Whenever a particular trend resonates, seize the initiative and create videos that capitalize on the trend.

 

Step 3: Incorporate Popular Audio Clips In Videos

Another method TikTok content creators use is trending sounds, available in the platform’s sound library.

Located in the app’s Sounds tab, these include song snippets and sound effects, movie clips, and other audio content.

Including these can improve video performance and make the TikTok algorithm view your content more favorably.

Since these trending sounds are constantly updated, it’s worthwhile checking in regularly to ensure you don’t miss out.

You can also create and submit trending sounds to TikTok, for example, to align them with an upcoming song release.

 

Step 4: Share High-Quality Content With Relevant Hashtags

Posting regularly is essential for getting noticed by the TikTok algorithm, but it shouldn’t be at the expense of quality.

TikTok videos must be well-produced to retain audience attention, with a catchy hook, polished editing, and professional editing.

You don’t have to be a graduate from a music production school, but if you’re sharing songs, they should be mixed and mastered.

Avoid long, drawn-out monologues, and introduce effects and other visual elements to make them pop off the screen.

Once they’re ready to upload, add relevant hashtags through TikTok’s creative center to ensure maximum exposure.

 

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Step 5: Participate In TikTok Challenges

Another core aspect of TikTok that sets it apart from other platforms is the challenges, typically related to trending content.

Participating in TikTok challenges instantly aligns content with hot and trending topics relevant to your niche.

This can include videos featuring new songs from popular music genres or funny clips with a unique approach to the challenge.

Challenges are also community-oriented, making them an excellent tool for building networks with other creators in your niche.

 

Step 6: Collaborate With Other Creators

Collaborations are an essential strategy for increasing your visibility on social media channels and evolving as a creator.

It can involve anything from working on new video projects and hosting joint livestreams to sharing one another’s channels.

Joint challenges, cross-channel sponsorships, and guest channel appearances are common ways to work with other creators.

You can also participate in TikTok’s new Collaborations feature, which allows multiple channel creators to appear on the same video.

This content can bring in traffic from all contributors, significantly enhancing the video’s visibility across TikTok.

If you’re struggling to find creatives with whom to collaborate, there are plenty of ways to build networks and launch projects.

For instance, you can sign up for a digital distribution and promotion platform and engage with the artist community.

These services also provide access to promotional tools and analytics for refining your marketing strategy across multiple platforms.

Lastly, collaboration with fans is another common way to keep the audience engaged and actively involved with your content.

This can be running contests for fan art, setting challenges for them to attempt, or running giveaways and competitions.

 

Step 7: Engage With Your Followers

Engagement is a critical factor that works both ways when it comes to successful online content with viral potential.

This means content creators must engage with their followers to increase the feedback they receive in return.

Politely and respectfully responding to comments and constructive criticism from viewers is an easy way to engage.

Liking and sharing comments and posts from followers you find interesting also helps to strengthen a sense of community.

If your followers use TikTok features like Duet or Stitch, publicly thank them for their contributions and support.

These approaches to personal engagement are why TikTok’s most prominent musicians outshine A-list celebrities like Taylor Swift.

It’s a platform where grassroots talent and charisma can go viral and rise above corporate-backed artists.

The more you engage with your followers in good faith, the higher your chances of building an audience of dedicated fans.

 

Learn more: Find out how to get signed to a record label.

 

Step 8: Promote On Other Platforms

Any creative seeking additional exposure understands the importance of cross-promotion on social media.

Whether promoting your music or lifestyle advice, TikTok users can be found on Facebook, Instagram, X, and elsewhere.

Your views and engagement will significantly increase when you link to TikTok content across all platforms.

If you have a website, you can also use it to drive loyal followers to new content who are highly likely to engage.

For musicians, understanding how algorithms work on platforms like Spotify is also critical to maximizing your reach.

It can help you focus your marketing budget where it counts the most and increase revenue across platforms.

 

Step 9: Post Consistently

Whatever content you create, sticking to a consistent posting schedule is essential for going viral on TikTok.

Uploading one video per week won’t get long-term value and will unlikely keep viewers returning for more.

The more quality content you upload consistently, the higher your chances are of getting the engagement that leads to virality.

Consistent posting helps to drive the TikTok algorithm to your channel, recognizing your value and increasing visibility.

By posting regularly, your account is assessed as a reliable source of views and increases your odds of appearing on the “For You Page.”

If you have time and resources, you can create content in bulk and schedule it for posting over the coming weeks.

TikTok For Business provides a scheduling tool for setting the date and time, among other parameters.

Be aware that this feature is only available through the desktop version and cannot be accessed via the TikTok app.

Using social media tools like Hootsuite, you can also align the posting schedule with Facebook, X, and Instagram.

 

Step 10: Analyze Your Performance Metrics

Going viral on TikTok is a learning curve that becomes more likely when you understand how your content is performing.

Many tools, such as TikTok’s Creator Analytics dashboard, can be used to measure ad campaign performance.

The platform’s metrics include follower count, likes, comments, and shares, as well as weekly and monthly growth.

Information on average and total play times and video view demographics is also available to refine your content creation.

TikTok’s analytics tools are accessible on desktop and mobile, with the Business Suite feature providing more comprehensive tools.

Analytics are also available for TikTok LIVE to help you understand how your streams are performing and who your audience is.

Drawing on this information allows content creators to fine-tune their posting schedule and experiment with new content.

You should also take the time to analyze the performance of other creators and assess the impact their content has.

Platforms like Social Blade present a wealth of data around content creators and their channel growth, views, and subscribers.

 

Further reading: Learn how to submit your music to radio stations.

 

Monetizing Viral Videos On TikTok

Going viral on TikTok will significantly enhance your TikTok presence, providing an excellent opportunity for monetization.

TikTok’s internal monetization tools are available for generating revenue from views, but other methods are also available.

Here’s an overview of some of the ways content creators maximize their income from viral videos on TikTok:

 

TikTok LIVE

Livestreaming on TikTok, YouTube, and Twitch is a hugely popular source of revenue for all types of content creators.

TikTok LIVE offers a range of monetization features, multi-guest hosting services, and moderation tools.

Content creators can monetize livestreams through TikTok LIVE gifts, which can be sent during a broadcast.

Once received, these gifts can be exchanged for other virtual items or converted into real currency.

The gift also appears on screen during the live stream, allowing the sender and recipient to interact in real-time.

 

Creator Rewards Program

If your channel has many TikTok users following it, you may be eligible to join the platform’s Creator Rewards Program.

To qualify, you’ll need a minimum of 10,000 followers and 100,000 or more video views in the previous month.

Video monetization offers rates ranging from $0.02 to $0.04 per 1,000 views, which are comparable to YouTube’s rates.

All content, such as how-to videos, needs to be original, and past channel performance is also considered.

Uploads must also adhere to TikTok’s Community Guidelines, passing a review process before monetization is granted.

 

Brand Collaborations

Once your TikTok channel reaches a decent size with plenty of engaged followers, you can generate revenue through brand collaborations.

Collaborations allow you to leverage your audience to promote products related to your content and earn money.

Brands search for TikTok influencers through the TikTok Creator Marketplace, but you can also contact brands directly.

You can also use platforms like Collabstr and AspireIQ to negotiate the rates and other terms of brand collaborations.

If your channel is small, there’s no harm in reaching out to brands if you feel they align with your style.

 

Selling Merchandise

Independent artists have been selling merchandise from stalls for as long as live bands have performed at gigs.

Today, there are many options for selling online and offering a range of products, from T-shirts to posters and mugs.

TikTok videos are excellent ways to build a brand and link to online stores where fans can support you with purchases.

Some independent artists sell limited edition releases of singles and albums on vinyl records and CD formats.

These editions are often highly sought after by fans and can be advertised through other social media channels.

By monitoring TikTok trends and sales, you can refine your merchandise to offer fans what they most want.

 

Offering Memberships & Subscriptions

Another popular way to monetize TikTok videos is through channel memberships and other subscription offers.

This method allows channel owners to create subscription tiers that unlock various features for members.

As the price point increases, additional perks, such as early access to content and exclusive videos, become available.

Subscribers willing to pay the maximum are often granted access to exclusive channels to chat directly with the artist.

It’s also an excellent way to build a TikTok community and understand your fans’ other musical interests.

 

Go Viral With Promo Hype

Going viral on TikTok can lead to exceptional growth, but independent artists should adopt a broader strategy for success.

Becoming a Promo Hype member provides many opportunities to reach a global audience and maximize music streams.

By partnering with Promo Hype, you can access the following powerful features:

  • Global distribution on all major streaming platforms: Maximizing your reach online means distributing music on all streaming platforms. Promo Hype members can schedule and release across Spotify, TIDAL, Amazon Music, and elsewhere.
  • Powerful marketing tools with the Promotional Toolkit: Driving attention to new releases and tours requires a robust marketing strategy. With the Promotional Toolkit, artists have complete control over their marketing budget.
  • Complete control over your royalties: Many independent artists struggle to retain royalties on platforms and maximize profits. Through Promo Hype, members keep 100% of royalties earned across platforms.
  • Comprehensive data analytics to drive growth: Understanding audience behaviors is essential for growing as an independent artist. Promo Hype members can drive growth through the Dashboard’s metrics and data analytics tools.
  • A lively community of independent artists: Connecting with like-minded creatives is excellent for learning new skills and finding collaborative partners. Promo Hype offers a thriving Community for members to engage on various topics.

With complete control via the artist Dashboard, Promo Hype covers everything independent artists need to enhance their careers.

 

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Summary

A critical moment for all artists is going viral online and significantly enhancing their visibility and engagement.

If you’re learning how to go viral on TikTok, this guide will streamline your processes and maximize your success.

Providing opportunities for collaborations, sponsorships, and tours, viral TikTok videos can be a career game-changer.

How To Submit Music To Radio Stations & Get Plays In 2025

Independent artists looking to develop their music careers can reach out to radio stations to get their songs heard by a larger audience.

Learning how to submit music to radio stations is simple, with tried-and-tested methods for attracting their attention and playing your music.

This step-by-step guide covers preparing and submitting your music while discovering the best radio stations that suit your musical style.

 

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How To Submit Music To Radio Stations In 2025

Whether approaching legacy stations or contacting internet radio stations, the submission process is essentially the same.

Here are the steps you should take when submitting your music to radio stations to maximize your chances of a response:

 

Step 1: Research Relevant Radio Stations

With thousands of radio stations to choose from, knowing where to begin submitting your music can be daunting.

You can streamline the process by researching relevant radio stations that play your music style and adding these to a spreadsheet.

This spreadsheet can include their contact information, submission guidelines, and a field to indicate any responses.

While getting airplay on a major station is challenging, there are plenty of smaller local stations you can approach at first.

There are also many cool internet radio stations where you can get your music heard by like-minded fans of your chosen genre.

Research these platforms to populate your spreadsheet, referencing forum discussions and chatting with other musicians.

You can also check out the Independent Online Distribution Alliance to find where you can submit your music.

Submitting to music podcasts can also increase your chances of exposure, so create a separate spreadsheet for this category.

 

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Step 2: Verify The Music Submissions Process

Navigating the online space can be a minefield, from Spotify’s changing algorithms to the required processes for submitting to radio.

To get this right, you need to check with each radio station individually to review the guidelines you need to follow.

These typically include where to send the submission and whether or not they accept physical CDs through the mail.

Most will likely prefer a digital audio file, and many also request additional information, such as your artist profile.

If you can’t find this information on their website, send a polite email asking for confirmation of the submission process.

 

Step 3: Prepare A Radio-Friendly Track

Sending in a twenty-minute progressive rock song might impress the listeners, but it has little to no chance of getting aired.

To increase your odds of receiving a broadcast, you need to prepare a radio-friendly version suitable for airplay.

Here are some processes you need to follow to create a track that is friendly for radio stations:

  • Adjust the length: If you listen to the radio often, you’ll notice that most tracks they play sit within the three to four-minute range. Should your submission exceed this length, edit it to a shorter version by removing verses and choruses.
  • Emphasize choruses and catchy hooks: Since radio broadcasts shorter and snappier edits, maximizing the time and focusing on the hook makes sense. These elements are what the listeners will recall the most, so strive to place them front and center.
  • Remove inappropriate content and language: While pop songs are rarely written with vulgar language, other genres often use such lyrics. To avoid violating broadcasting regulations, edit this content before submitting it.

If you’ve already written a song with these limitations and recommendations in mind, you’re ready to continue to the next step.

 

Step 4: Create An Electronic Press Kit

Some artists complement their music submissions with a dedicated electronic press kit, similar to a radio package.

An electronic press kit, sometimes called a music press kit, showcases the artists or band members and is excellent for public relations.

It includes links to biographies, collections of photographs and videos of live performances, and links to social media pages.

This kit gives radio stations a clear insight into the tone and genre of the artists, whether playing rock, pop, country, or jazz.

An EPK also opens up new opportunities for additional feedback from the radio station about how you present your brand.

 

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Step 5: Upload New Music To Streaming Platforms

Before you submit music to radio stations, you should upload your songs to streaming platforms to expand your online presence.

These outlets include Spotify, Apple Music, Amazon Music, and YouTube, which can significantly boost your reach to new listeners.

These services host the most popular music genres and are the go-to platforms for most people looking for new releases.

A strong presence across the major music streaming platforms will also give music directors a great impression of your brand.

Ensure your accounts on these platforms are current and feature your artist’s logo and other branding elements.

If you’re struggling with uploading to streaming platforms, you can use digital music distribution and promotion services.

Such services streamline the process, providing tools for scheduling and marketing that drive traffic where it counts.

You can include links to your artist profiles for each platform when sending your music submissions to radio stations.

 

Step 6: Be Active On Social Media

An active presence on social media platforms is another effective way to increase your chances of success when submitting to a radio station.

Social media provides opportunities for engaging with your audience and sharing new releases and live event dates.

While Facebook is widely used for its powerful events listing tools, TikTok, Instagram, and X all provide powerful tools for musicians.

Going viral on TikTok is a surefire way to garner the attention of a radio station and guarantee your music will be seriously considered.

Likewise, social media is also an effective tool for communicating with radio station hosts you’re hoping to reach out to.

By commenting on their posts and starting conversations, you can lay the groundwork before you submit your music to their station.

Your social media channels can also host your artist’s Bio and provide information and contact details to your followers.

Most of all, social media lets you showcase your style and personality, putting a face to your music when building relationships.

 

Recommended reading: Find out how to make music like a pro.

 

Step 7: Work With A Record Label Or Publisher

If you’re a musician or producer with representation through a publisher or label, they can help reach out to stations.

Record labels looking for artists also have strong ties to radio DJs and know which shows best fit your music.

Send your manager a list of the stations you’re interested in and arrange a discussion to see how you can move things forward.

Some record labels have an arrangement with stations whereby they pay a fee to guarantee airplay and other promotional services.

Promo representatives usually conduct this process due to long-standing relationships with the station’s music directors.

Labels then monitor and analyze weekly reports from the stations to see how effectively these campaigns are performing.

If you don’t have a label, getting airplay will significantly increase your chances of getting noticed by the right people.

 

Step 8: Partner With An Online Music Distribution Platform

While many independent artists aren’t signed to a record label, other services can improve their online presence.

Online music distribution platforms help artists reach all streaming platforms, schedule releases, and promote to their fans.

They also assist with crafting specific marketing strategies for members that can be easily modified for submitting music to radio stations.

This setup increases their overall visibility and engagement, making radio stations far more likely to consider your music.

It also demonstrates a professional attitude and goal-oriented approach to music, leaving a strong impression on the radio station.

 

Step 9: Submit Your Music

With your song completed and all your assets prepared, it’s time to submit your music to your selected radio stations.

Before hitting the “Send” button, triple-check everything is in order and refer to the station’s specific submission guidelines.

Creating a checklist for each radio station takes little time and will ensure that your submission meets the highest possible standard.

Once your music submissions are sent, continue improving your musical skills while waiting for a response.

Not all radio stations will respond, and if you haven’t heard back for a few weeks, consider sending a follow-up email.

That said, avoid being pushy and sending repeated emails enquiring about your submission’s status, as this will be off-putting.

 

Reach a global audience with Promo Hype’s distribution services.

 

Step 10: Learn From Feedback

Whether your submissions are accepted or rejected, the radio station will likely give you feedback on your music.

This could be constructive feedback about your song’s structure or advice on editing your music to make it friendlier for radio.

It can also cover technical aspects, such as mixing and mastering, allowing you to refine your use of music production software.

Whatever feedback you receive, try to incorporate it into your composition and production methods on future tracks.

If your songs are on social media, gather your fans’ feedback before submitting your music to a radio station.

While all feedback surrounding music is inherently subjective, it can often improve your recordings and address blind spots.

 

Tips For Submitting Music Directly To Radio Stations

If you’re an independent artist without management or backed by a label, you can still submit music to radio stations directly.

Here are some tips for those considering this approach to help increase the chance of success:

  • Adopt a personalized approach: While sending boilerplate messages and group emails might save time, they lack care and consideration. When approaching radio stations, make each submission unique and tailor the text to each station’s style.
  • Network with radio station DJs: If you can engage with any DJs who host shows at a given radio station, try to start conversations. This step can be as simple as posting comments on their social media pages to show your support and appreciation for their content.
  • Use a professional mastering service: A great song means little if the overall production values are amateurish, and will likely lead to instant rejection. Professional mastering services can prevent this issue from arising, and don’t have to cost thousands of dollars.
  • Create an electronic press kit: Another great way to present your work professionally is by creating an electronic press kit to supplement your submission. You can find EPK templates online to ensure they are structured correctly and include all relevant information.

If you know other artists who have successfully submitted music to radio stations, ask about their experiences and take their advice on board.

 

Distribute Your Music Globally With Promo Hype

Capturing the attention of a radio station is easier when artists have a strong presence across the major streaming platforms.

By partnering with Promo Hype, you can promote your music and access the following services:

  • Global distribution across all streaming platforms: Promo Hype members can instantly distribute across all streaming platforms, including Spotify, TIDAL, Apple Music, and Amazon Music. Promo Hype also assists with scheduling and promotion, tying new releases to upcoming tours and one-off gigs.
  • In-depth analysis through powerful analytics: Understanding how your music is performing is essential for making decisions about your artistic direction. Promo Hype’s in-depth analytics show which songs perform the best on which platforms and where the most engagement is coming from.
  • Valuable feedback from Promo Hype’s community of independent artists: If you’re struggling with production or looking for artists to collaborate with, Promo Hype’s got you covered. The lively Community feature allows you to engage with artists and build long-lasting relationships.

With in-depth industry experience and the latest distribution and promotion tools, Promo Hype is the go-to platform for independent artists.

 

Summary

Submitting your music to radio stations and getting airplay can be a game-changer for independent artists who want to showcase their talent and build a fan base.

Adopting the strategic approach outlined in this guide will streamline the submission process and ensure the right people hear your music.

Once your submissions have been accepted, you can capitalize on the recognition and use the airwaves to build your audience.